Since the advent of wireless communication, the need for mobile ad hoc networks has been growing exponentially. This has opened up a Pandora’s Box of algorithms for dealing with mobile ad hoc networks, or MANETs, as they are generally referred to. Most attempts made at evaluating these algorithms so far have focused on parameters such as throughput, packet delivery ratio, overhead etc. An analy...

The twin-arginine translocase (Tat) system is a recently discovered pathway which transports proteins in bacteria and chloroplasts. This system only translocates proteins with a cleavable N-terminal signal peptide with the distinctive twin-arginine (RR) motif, which is crucial to Tat function. Here, site-directed mutagenesis of the signal peptide of the Tat substrate TorA-GFP which has a triple...

Contamination of environment by heavy metals has become a major concern worldwide. The role conventional methods in remediating ineffective and costly. Therefore, it becomes imperative to explore bioremediation using cost effective, efficient environmentally friendly alternative method removing metals. In this study, the adsorption behaviour Senna tora, low-cost adsorbents, with respect Fe(II) ...

The horizontal translational oscillator with a rotational actuator (TORA) is typical underactuated mechanical system, whose control problem still open and theoretically challenging. At present, the existing methods are structurally complicated require an exact knowledge of system parameters. Moreover, few works have considered output feedback stabilization TORA subject to practical constraints ...

MANET (Mobile Adhoc Network) is a self organizing and self configuring network without the need of any centralized base station. In MANETs, the nodes are mobile and battery operated. As the nodes have limited battery resources and multi hop routes are used over a changing network environment due to node mobility, it requires energy efficient routing protocols to limit the power consumption, pro...

Vehicular multi-hop ad hoc networks (VANETs) enable the exchange of information between vehicles without any fixed infrastructure. The application range of such networks may cover safety related applications like the warning of drivers about accidents or congestions as well as Internet access e.g. via gateways along the road. The varying conditions in VANETs introduce high requirements on the r...

Advances in wireless technology and portable computing along with demands for greater user mobility have provided a major movement towards development of ad-hoc networks. The main Method for evaluating the performance of MANET’s is simulation. An extensive simulation is performed using NS-2 simulator and end to end delay, packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, throughput and jitter for React...

The Escherichia coli twin-arginine protein transport (Tat) system is a molecular machine dedicated to the translocation of fully folded substrate proteins across the energy-transducing inner membrane. Complex cofactor-containing Tat substrates, such as the model (NiFe) hydrogenase-2 and trimethylamine N-oxide reductase (TorA) systems, acquire their redox cofactors prior to export from the cell ...