1 Department of Periodontics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”; “S. Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli” Hospital 2 Odontostomatology “S. Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli” Hospital 3 Department of Odontostomatology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Foundation Policlinico “Tor Vergata” 4 Department in Periodontics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata“. Director and Chief Department of Periodonti...

1 ABSTRACT Tor is the most widely used anonymity network, currently serving millions of users each day. However, there is no access control in place for all these users, leaving the network vulnerable to botnet abuse and attacks. For example, criminals frequently use exit relays as stepping stones for attacks, causing service providers to serve CAPTCHAs to exit relay IP addresses or blacklistin...

Tor is a popular low-latency anonymous communication system which could provide anonymity and anti-censorship. Based on previous researches on de-anonymization of Tor, this paper proposes a novel approach to attack users’ guard selection which can pose great threat against Tor users' anonymity. Under the current design of Tor, once entry guards are compromised, the probability that an attacker ...

Tor has become one of the most popular overlay networks for anonymizing TCP traffic, however, the anonymity of Tor clients is threatened by various attacks exploiting traffic analysis or Tor’s design features. Although considerable effort has beenmade to secure and improve Tor networks, little attention has been paid to various application-level attacks against Tor. In this paper, we present a ...

Tor is one of the most widely used anonymity networks in the world. The anonymity provided to any individual Tor user is a function of the total number of Tor users. Adoption of anonymity tools, including Tor, can be hindered by a lack of usability. Therefore, enhancing Tor’s usability and making it easier for more people to use Tor successfully increases security for all Tor users. To enhance ...

BACKGROUND The target of rapamycin (TOR), in complex with the proteins raptor and LST8 (TOR complex 1), phosphorylates the p70S6K and 4E-BP1 to promote mRNA translation. Genetic evidence establishes that TOR complex activity in vivo requires the small GTPase Rheb, and overexpression of Rheb can rescue TOR from inactivation in vivo by amino-acid withdrawal. The Tuberous Sclerosis heterodimer (TS...

Abstract This study examined how to improve students’ regulation of task-oriented reading (TOR). TOR encompasses and information processing needed perform a specific task. Previous studies suggest students can benefit from collaboration script enhance socially shared TOR. The elicits discussions about task perception, strategy selection, reflection. aimed examine the depth sharedness metacognit...

EXAMPLES. (i) The multiplicative group A = Gm is the algebraic group whose points over a field are the nonzero elements of the field. Then for any field K, Tor Gm(K) are the roots of unity contained in K. (ii) A = Gm×Gm then Tor(A) = Tor(Gm)×Tor(Gm) = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ K are roots of unity}. (iii) Let A be an elliptic curve. Over the complex numbers we can uniformize A as A = C/L where L is a la...

TOR (Target Of Rapamycin) is a highly conserved protein kinase that is important in both fundamental and clinical biology. In fundamental biology, TOR is a nutrient-sensitive, central controller of cell growth and aging. In clinical biology, TOR is implicated in many diseases and is the target of the drug rapamycin used in three different therapeutic areas. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ha...

In this paper we propose a new micropayments scheme which can be used to reward Tor relay operators. Tor clients do not pay Tor relays with electronic cash directly but submit proof of work shares which the relays can resubmit to a crypto-currency mining pool. Relays credit users who submit shares with tickets that can later be used to purchase improved service. Both shares and tickets when sen...