SIGNAL (SAR for Ice, Glacier and oceaN globAL dynamics) is a proposal for an innovative Earth observation mission, under study at German Space Agency. The mission objectives include the determination of ice topography and its temporal changes, the monitoring of fast-flowing glaciers, and the characterisation of ocean currents, by using Ka-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Two approaches to t...

In the early 1960s, some young earth scientists in the Canadian Prairies discovered a previously unrecognized aspect of subsurface hydrology: topography-induced ground water flow systems. With seminal contributions by colleagues in Canada and abroad, the concept evolved into a new hydrogeological paradigm, spawned a veritable school of scientific thought, and, by the 1980s, had changed the scop...

TOPOGRAPHY BETWEEN TROUGHS. D.P. Winebrenner 1,2 , M.R. Koutnik 2 , E.D. Waddington 2 , A.V. Pathare 3 , S. Byrne 4 , and B.C. Murray 5 , 1 Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Box 355640, Seattle, WA 98195, [email protected] 2 Dept. of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351310, Seattle, WA 98195, 3 Planetary Science Institute, 1700 E. Fort Lowell Rd.,...

We introduce a parametric model for the power spectrum density of SAR interferograms. This model is derived by assuming the interferogram as a stationary frequency modulated process, and by exploiting the statistical description of earth topography provided by multi-fractal fields. Despite the small number of parameters involved (3-6 in most cases), the model have been proven robust and accurat...

In recent years, the nature of the complex interactions between the solid earth and the overlying atmosphere has been the subject of much debate (England and Molnar 1990; Whipple et al. 1999; Braun et al. 1999). Does erosion play an important role in the dynamics of mountain building? Is there a strong feedback into the balance of forces at the crustal scale from mass transport by erosional and...

This work presents a novel coating technique to manufacture ceramic superhydrophobic coatings rapidly and economically. A rare earth oxide (REO) was selected as the coating material due to its hydrophobic nature, chemical inertness, high temperature stability, and good mechanical properties, and deposited on stainless steel substrates by solution precursor plasma spray (SPPS). The effects of va...

The royal Chinese mausoleums of the Tang, Ming and Qing Chinese dynasties are astounding ensables of monuments, conceived and built to assure to the Emperors immortality in the afterlife and perennial fame on earth. To this aim, a series of cognitive elements were embodied in the funerary landscapes selected for such monuments, including astronomy, general topography, and traditional Chinese “g...

The surface of the ocean bulges outward and inward reflecting the topography of the ocean floor. A dense mapping of ocean surface topography from declassified Geosat altimeter data (US Navy), ERS-1 altimeter data (European Space Agency), and repeat-track coverage from the Topex/Poseidon altimeter (NASA and CNES) has provided the first view of the ocean floor structures in many remote areas of t...