introduction: this article describes the diagnosis and treatment of two symmetrical maxillary first molars with two canals in their distobuccal roots. a 32-year-old female had an emergency treatment because of the pain in tooth #16. on the second visit after accessing the pulp chamber and detecting three major canals (mb, db, and p) and exploring the 4th canal (mb 2 ), we noted that there was a...

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the clinical applicability of two electronic apex locators (EALs) - Apex (Septodont) and iPex (NSK) - in different groups of human teeth by using radiography. The working lengths (WLs) of 100 root canals were determined electronically. The EAL to be used first was chosen randomly and a K-file was inserted into the root canal until the EAL display in...

The present study was aimed to determine the topographic relationship between root apex of the mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar and lingual plate of mandible. The original cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 364 teeth from 223 patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The topographic relationship between root apex and lingual plate on cross-sectiona...

Treatment of a non vital tooth with necrotic pulp and immature apex is a great challenge to the clinician. In obturation for gutta-percha condensation, there should be an apical barrier to avoid extrusion of cements and gutta-percha into the apical area leading to periapical trauma. Apexification is a method which is used for treatment of such tooth with open apex. It is defined as “a method to...

In endodontics, treatment of an open apex tooth with necrotic pulp is a problem. It seems that with promotion of remnants of Hertwig's epithelial sheath or rest of malassez accompany with a good irrigation of root canal we can expect root formation. (Iranian Endodontic Journal 2008;3:42-43).

Treatment of non-vital immature teeth with apical periodontitis has always been a challenge in Endodontics. Regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) has been successfully used for the management of these cases. The aim of this study is to present a case of RET used for the retreatment of a previously endodontically treated permanent tooth with an open apex. A 14-year-old boy with a poor endodont...

Three cases are presented in which patients presented with either cutaneous swelling or cutaneous sinus tracts of odontogenic origin. A cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin is a pathway through the alveolar bone that typically begins at the apex of an infected tooth or of an infected portion of the dental alveolus and empties infected material (pus) through the skin. Where as the more co...

CASE REPORT This case report describes the outcome of a number of retreatments on a failed root filling in a maxillary first molar. The patient wanted all amalgams replaced by tooth-coloured Cerec restorations, including one in a symptomless maxillary molar. This tooth had a pulpotomy or a poorly done root-canal treatment 10 years earlier. The molar was root-canal retreated before placing the C...

This article is a case report of the successful interdisciplinary management of a maxillary lateral incisor with a deep palatogingival groove. The tooth presented with severe periodontal destruction owing to the deep extension of the groove up to the root apex. The groove was meticulously diagnosed and treated by endodontic and subsequent periodontal surgery leading to complete resolution of th...

Supernumerary teeth are defined as any teeth in excess of normal number. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth, in the central region of premaxilla between two central incisors. Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly resulting from invagination in the surface of tooth crown before calcification has occurred. Radiographically, it is observed as infolding of a radioopaque ribbon like structure,...