BACKGROUND To study the various forms of tobacco usage and its associated oral mucosal lesions among the patients attending Vishnu Dental College Bhimavaram. MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in a total of 450 patients who were divided into three groups based upon type of tobacco use, as Group-1 Reverse smoking, Group-2 Conventional smoking, Group-3 Smo...

Background: Tobacco use has toxic effects on different organs. This study was carried out to assess the effect of indigenous tobacco both in smoking (bidi) and smokeless (gutkha, zarda and khaini) forms on buccal cells at chromosomal level, through assessment of different nuclear anomalies as biomarker. Methods:This study was done on people living in Durgapur and its adjacent areas, West Bengal...

conclusions salivary free and total sialic acid, and total protein were higher in the paan consumers compared to non-consumers. due to the carcinogenic effect of smokeless tobacco, measurement of these parameters in saliva may be useful in early detection of oral cancer. results the concentration of salivary free sialic acid (23.21 ± 18.98 mg/l) was significantly increased in paan consumers. th...

BACKGROUND In South and Southeast Asian countries, tobacco is consumed in diverse forms, and smoking among women is very low. We aimed to provide national estimates of prevalence and social determinants of smoking and smokeless tobacco use among men and women separately. METHODS Data from Demographic and Health Surveys completed in nine countries (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Maldives,...

Combustible and smokeless tobacco use causes adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and multiple types of cancer (1,2). Standard approaches for measuring tobacco use include self-reported surveys of use and consumption estimates based on tobacco excise tax data (3,4). To provide the most recently available tobacco consumption estimates in the United States, CDC used federal e...

4.1 Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion 4.1.1 Humans (a) Nicotine There are well-documented differences in the absorption of nicotine from smoked tobacco and that from smokeless tobacco products. However, once nicotine from smokeless tobacco has been absorbed into the systemic circulation, it is assumed that it is distributed, metabolized and excreted similarly, regardless of the...

Tobacco is a uniquely dangerous consumer product that is addictive and harmful to human health when used as intended. Smokeless tobacco practices are common in some parts of the world, especially in India (Pershagen, 1996). Nicotine exposure is similar in smokeless tobacco users and smokers (Ebbert et al., 2006) often leading to strong physical dependence. As a rule, smokeless tobacco products ...

Major strides towards national tobacco control have been made since Nigeria became signatory to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in June 2004. The Nigerian senate passed a bill on March 15, 2011 which is expected to be signed into law shortly, to regulate and control production, manufacture, sale, advertising, promotion and sponsorship of tobacco or tobacco products. This ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the role of expectancies in adolescent smokeless tobacco (ST) use. METHODS Self-report measures of students' ST expectancies, cigarette and ST use, and peer and family tobacco use were collected from a sample of 978 rural high school students. RESULTS Student expectancy beliefs significantly predicted ST use and intention to try ST in the next year. Student expectancies...