in the “critique of pure reason (kritik der reinen vernunft)” kant apply the ‘judgment’ as an entry to his philosophical system and according to which he offers quadra division of propositions and with analyzing of this propositions he try to reach his implications and results. so basic philosophical categories like possibility of metaphysics, causality, universality, necessity, explanation of ...

one of the greatest scholars related to islamic-arabic culture is ibn-tufail whose authority in the field of philosophy of science and medicine and intellectual activities is worthy of praise .however, none of his works remained except his odes in medicine and hayy-ibn-yaghzan dissertation. the latter is the most important of his works ,containing his deep philosophical thoughts and applying fa...

In the presence of a low pH environment, the channel-forming T domain of diphtheria toxin undergoes a conformational change that allows for both its own insertion into planar lipid bilayers and the translocation of the toxin's catalytic domain across them. Given that the T domain contributes only three transmembrane segments, and the channel is permeable to ions as large as glucosamine(+) and N...

This paper reformulates and decides a certain conjecture in Dunn’s ‘Relevant Predication 1: The Formal Theory’ (Journal of Philosophical Logic 16, 347-381, 1987). This conjecture of Dunn’s relates his object-language characterisation of a property’s being relevant in a variable x to certain grammatical characterisations of relevance, analogous to some given by Helman, in ‘Relevant Implication a...

the theories concerning the issue of the soul are so various in the history of philosophy. the nature of the soul, its originatedness or eternity and quality of its relationship with the body are the most controversial issues in philosophical and theological discussions. ibn sina, as a peripatetic philosopher, in most of his writings, has accepted the aristotle's views on the originatednes...

In this article we describe and analyze the concept of reality developed by the Austrian theoretical physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. It is our thesis that Boltzmann was fully aware that reality could, and actually was, described by different points of view. In spite of this, Boltzmann did not renounce the idea that reality is real. We also discuss his main motivations to be strongly involved with p...