Upon Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of a host plant, Tumor morphology root (Tmr) a bacterial adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase (IPT), creates a metabolic bypass in the plastid for direct synthesis of trans-zeatin (tZ) with 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate as the prenyl donor. To understand the biological importance of Tmr function for gall formation, we compared Tmr ...

BACKGROUND Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) has been shown to improve refractory angina not amenable to conventional coronary interventions. However, the mechanism of action remains controversial, because improved myocardial perfusion has not been consistently demonstrated. We hypothesized that TMR relieves angina by causing myocardial sympathetic denervation. METHODS AND RESULTS...

This paper presents a direct online parameter optimization method using quasi-Newton approach to find compensators, which can minimize the measured TMR for HDD servo systems, without prior knowledge of disturbance/noise models. An optimal controller for a plant with uncertainty can be obtained within a pre-found robust stable region by using the gradient information of TMR with respect to contr...

The stability and accuracy of the TOPEX Microwave Radiometer (TMR) measurement of the atmospheric path delay due to water vapor is assessed over the interval from launch (August 1992) through June 1998. Detailed global comparisons are made with path delays derived from the special sensor microwave imager (SSM/I) instruments and a network of 15 island radiosondes. The results provide consistent ...

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) often result in severely adverse outcomes, such as serious infections, hospitalization, and lower extremity amputations. In last few years, to improve the outcome of DFUs, clinicians and researchers put their attention on the application of low intensity pulsating electro-magnetic fields through Therapeutic Magnetic Resonance (TMR®). In our study, patients with DFUs ...

We examined whether transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) relieves myocardial ischemia by increasing regional perfusion via the transmural channels in acute canine experiments. Regional blood flow during transient coronary ligation (2 min) was compared before and 30 min after TMR, and at the third transient ischemia the mid-left ventricle (LV) was cut and immediately frozen along the short ax...

An instruction-retry policy is proposed to enhance the fault-tolerance of triple modular redundant (TMR) controller computers by adding time redundancy to them. A TMR failure is said to occur if a TMR system fails to establish a majority among its modules' outputs due to multiple faulty modules or a faulty voter. Either multiple consecutive TMR failures the active period of which exceeds a cert...

GM) in a 1:3 DM ratio and formed 55% of the TMR DM. In study weeks 1-3 the TMR DM also contained non-GM supplements of 18.5% cracked wheat, 26.1% rapeseed meal and 0.4% minerals. In weeks 4-12 ground maize grain (MON810) replaced cracked wheat. Milk and TMR samples were taken weekly prior to and after the introduction of the GM diet. In milk samples spiked with Bt DNA, PCR analyses established ...

The purpose of this study was to test a new prototype pulsed CO2 laser to be used for transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR). We wanted to determine whether it can reduce thermal damage and mitigate induced ischemia with improvement in contractile reserve of the heart as evidenced by contrast echocardiography at rest and under dobutamine stress. TMR is an emerging surgical strategy for t...