We acquired high resolution multiple phase-cycled bSSFP fMRI datasets in rat brains at 9.4T and separated FID and main echo components based on Fourier analysis. The FID component showed stronger fMRI signals than the main echo component, but it showed stronger correlation with both intracortical veins and cortical surface veins. The fMRI signal from the main echo component could contribute up ...

Hansen and coworkers (Zhang, L; Hansen, E. W.; Helland, I; Hinrichsen, E.; Larsen, Aa.; Roots, J. Macromolecules, 2009, 42 (14), 5189-5195) recently reported on the room temperature crystallinity of a series of ethene-1-hexene copolymers using solid-state 1 H-NMR FID analysis. However, due to the required 10 s blanking time of the receiver vital information in the initial part of the FID was l...

842 Journal of Chemical Education • Vol. 84 No. 5 May 2007 • www.JCE.DivCHED.org Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is often used as a qualitative method. It can determine the number of components in a mixture, verify the identity of substances, monitor the progress of a reaction, or ascertain the effectiveness of a purification. Since TLC is so easy and practical, many chemists frequently use TLC...

Timed Logic Conformance (TLC) is a bisimulation-style partial order relationship deened over the statespace of Timed Safety Automata (TSA) with real-valued clocks. In contrast to timed simulation, Calculus of Timed Reene-ment (CTR), and Time-Abstracted bisimulation, TLC de-nes when one system is an acceptable implementation of another by asymmetric bisimulation-style requirements for speciicati...

An immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins (CK) in a case of trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC). CK expression showed the presence of CK 1, 10, 14 and 17, suggesting that TLC differentiates toward follicular infundibulum. In a comparison of CK expression between TLC and trichilemmoma, the absence of CK 15 and 16 in TLC may be related to transformation from trichilemmoma to TLC. Trichilemmal carcino...

Detailed studies of lipid utilization during bivalve development have shown that lipids are important at 2 critical periods: embryogenesis and metamorphosis. Using the Iatroscan TLC/FID system I examined lipid class utilization during development of Evechinus chloroticus to determine whether lipids were also important for an echinoderm at these times. Eggs of E. chloroticus contained 34.41 ng o...

BACKGROUND All organisms may be affected by humans' increasing impact on Earth, but there are many potential drivers of population trends and the relative importance of each remains largely unknown. The causes of spatial patterns in population trends and their relationship with animal responses to human proximity are even less known. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING We investigated the relations...

Escape behaviors have a great potential as an indicator of the efficacy of management. For instance, the degree of fear perceived by fishes targeted by fisheries is frequently higher in unprotected marine areas than in areas where some protection is provided. We systematically reviewed the literature on how fear, which we define as variation in escape behavior, was quantified in reef fishes. In...

Restriction of total lung capacity (TLC) is found in some obese subjects, but the mechanism is unclear. Two hypotheses are as follows: 1) increased abdominal volume prevents full descent of the diaphragm; and 2) increased intrathoracic fat reduces space for full lung expansion. We have measured total intrathoracic volume at full inflation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 14 asymptomati...