Electroless nickel plating is a widely used plating method in many industries. The usability of the coating is, however, restricted by the control problems related to the electroless nickel plating process. To ensure deposit quality, the transcendent properties of electroless nickel deposit should be accurately controlled during plating, which is challenging because of the spontaneous, unstable...

Colony counting by spreading bacterial suspensions on plating media by various techniques is of general concern. Comparative studies between hand plating (Drigalski-spatula technique) for different time intervals and spiral plating resulted in significant differences in colony counts. Lower counts of Gram-negative bacteria were obtained by using hand plating for more than 10s, compared with sho...

background:  there is still controversy regarding the best technique for ankle arthrodesis to acheive stable rigid fixation along with reconstructing a functional plantigrade foot. moreover, existing techniques have complictions related to stability, soft tissue covering, fusion rate, and exposure. methods: with the anterior approach exactly on the tibialis anterior sheath, the joint was expose...

PURPOSE Tibial fracture is the most common long bone fracture. Distal third tibial fractures are challenging though open reduction and plating can result in anatomical reduction and rigid fixation. This paper aimed to evaluate and compare the results of medial and lateral locking compression plates for distal third tibial fractures. METHODS This prospective clinical study involved 36 patients...

Cathodic activation examined with reference to the cold fuslon developments (controversy). Historically cathodic activation has been used for plating preparation of p a s s i v e (o x i d e) s u r f a c e s e.g. nickel/chromium alloys, niobium and powdered metals. More recent results of work employing cathodic activation for preparing aluminum for plating will be presented e.g. process paramete...

In the previous chapter, the components of electroless nickel plating baths were discussed from the viewpoint of the function each performs in the bath, with little attention paid to their effect on the plating process. The metal and the electron source (the reducing agent) are consumed in the electroless plating reaction and so their concentrations in the bath are continuously decreasing. Ther...