virtual learning is a new idea that has gotten a new form with the emergence of new technologies such as the wireless networks. the mobile phone (cell phone) is a device that is used by most people nowadays. therefore, one can use the mobile phone for virtual learning on a wide scale. one of the popular and at the same time simple and inexpensive services on the mobile phone is the sms (short m...

Image segmentation is an important task in image processing and computer vision which attract many researchers attention. There are a couple of information sets pixels in an image: statistical and structural information which refer to the feature value of pixel data and local correlation of pixel data, respectively. Markov random field (MRF) is a tool for modeling statistical and structural inf...

Accurate estimation of motion from time-varying imagery has been a popular problem in vision studies, This information can be used in segmentation, 3D motion and shape recovery, target tracking, and other problems in scene analysis and interpretation. We have presented a dynamic image model for estimating image motion from image sequences, and have shown how the solution can be obtained from a ...