CASE This 60-year-old woman presented with an 11-year history of severe throat pain recurring approximately every couple of years lasting for about 3 months. The current episode had been present for 5 weeks, the prior episode occurred over 1 year previously. She described an electrical pain with an intensity of 10 of 10 felt in the left throat around the tonsillar area sometimes shooting to the...

Using rapid prototyping, we manufacture an acoustic horn designed by gradient-based shape optimization to have virtually perfect impedancematching properties. The horn is 161.5 mm long, has a mouth diameter of 300 mm, and a throat diameter intended for a 1.5 inch driver. We optimize the horn with the aim of having perfect radiation efficiency at 31 frequencies in the range 1.6–9.05 kHz, while s...

BACKGROUND Many people with sore throat seek, and are often inappropriately prescribed, antibiotics. AIM The objective of this study was to determine the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen 8.75 mg microgranules versus placebo. These microgranules are a possible alternative treatment for patients with sore throat due to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). DESIGN AND SETTING Randomised,...

BACKGROUND Due to frequent infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, repeated respiratory cultures are obtained to inform treatment. When patients are unable to expectorate sputum, clinicians obtain throat swabs as a surrogate for lower respiratory cultures. There is no clear data in adult subjects demonstrating the adequacy of throat swabs as a surrogate for sputum or BAL. Our study was des...

BACKGROUND Sore throat and hoarseness are common complications, but these have not been studied after total i.v. anaesthesia. METHODS We prospectively studied 418 surgical patients, aged 15-92 yr, after total i.v. anaesthesia with propofol, fentanyl and ketamine to assess possible factors associated with sore throat and hoarseness. RESULT We found sore throat in 50% and hoarseness in 55% of...

The importance of anti-pneumococcal vaccines has increased due to the gradually increasing incidence rate of pneumococcal infections and their antibiotic resistance. Conjugate pneumococcal vaccine began to be used routinely in the USA in 2000. An important property of this conjugate vaccine is the ability to create immunity in infants after two months. Thus, conjugate vaccines allow us to prote...

the indian garden lizard has been recorded as herpetofauna of iran but the only existing records belong to far years before in which balnford (1870) and zarudny (1903) recorded 2-3 specimens in sistan and baluchestan province of iran. afterward, there were no records on the species in the country. based on the existing records the mentioned localities were investigated for years and using the i...

post-operative sore throat is one of the most common complications and complaints of patients after general anesthesia especially in operations that need endotracheal intubations. its causes are: size of endotracheal tube and type of its cuff, inadequate airway humidification, trauma during intubation and suctioning, high flow of inspiratory gases, surgical manipulation of airway and adjacent o...