BACKGROUND The 2 × 2 factorial design is widely used for assessing the existence of interaction and the extent of generalizability of two factors where each factor had only two levels. Accordingly, research problems associated with the main effects and interaction effects can be analyzed with the selected linear contrasts. METHODS To correct for the potential heterogeneity of variance structu...

A novel, supersaturable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) was successfully formulated to enhance the dissolution and oral absorption of valsartan (VST), a poorly water-soluble drug, while reducing the total quantity for administration. Poloxamer 407 is a selectable, supersaturating agent for VST-containing SMEDDS composed of 10% Capmul® MCM, 45% Tween® 20, and 45% Transcutol...

This article first presents three-level simplex designs of k+1 runs for k factors. Each simplex design is composed of k treatment combinations from a two-level factorial design, plus an additional base run that represents a third level for each factor. These orthogonal, first-order designs are simple to construct. Furthermore, simplex designs can be augmented to construct second-order simplex s...

This paper shows how the application of a CMOS ternary logic is useful in the realisation of Delay Insensitive (01) asynchronous circuits. It is shown that fully DI asynchronous circuits are obtained with a ternary handshake protocol which employs the third logic level as idle state of the asynchronous interface. The advantages obtained are a dramatic reduction of the communication requirement ...

This article first presents three-level simplex designs of n = k+1 runs for k factors. Each simplex design is composed of k treatment combinations from a two-level factorial design, plus an additional base run that represents a third level for each factor. These orthogonal, first-order designs are simple to construct. It is also noted that the k treatment combinations in each simplex design • f...

Factorial designs have broad applications in agricultural, engineering and scientific studies. In constructing and studying properties of factorial designs, traditional design theory treats all factors as nominal. However, this is not appropriate for experiments that involve quantitative factors. For designs with quantitative factors, level permutation of one or more factors in a design matrix ...

The chemical step in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of bioengineered heparin has been examined and optimized statistically using a response surface methodology. A four factor, two level full factorial design experiment and a three factor Box-Behnken design were carried out. The goal was to establish a method to prepare N-sulfo, N-acetyl heparosan of the desired N-acetyl content, number average mo...

The response of laying Japanese quails to dietary levels of energy and protein on performance, egg quality, hatchability, fertility and their effect on subsequent offspring live body weight was investigated. A total of 432 Japanese quails (13 weeks old) were divided into nine treatments. Each treatment comprised of four replicates of twelve birds (9 females and 3 males). Nine diets including th...