copper thin films with nano-scale structure have numerous applications in modern technology.  in this work, cu thin films with different thicknesses from 50–220 nm have been deposited on glass substrate by dc magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature in pure ar gas. the sputtering time was considered in 4, 8, 12 and 16 min, respectively. the thickness effect on the structural, morpholo...

Management of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) thermal gradients is vital to limit thermal expansion mismatch and thermal stress. However, owing to harsh operation conditions of SOFCs and limited available space in stack configuration, the number of techniques available to obtain temperature distribution from the cell surface is limited. The authors previously developed and studied a thermocouple a...

Drastic cost reduction of phased-arrays will require a shift in design strategy. The emphasis must be on removing expensive active components, not developing more highly integrated components or exotic packaging techniques. The phase shifter circuit—an essential active component—is the primary obstacle in decreasing the cost and number of active components in a phased-array. The problem is mult...

over the past decade, many applications were intended for filtration by membrane technology especially the thin film composite (tfc) membranes. in advanced developments of thin film membranes, an attempt was made to spread a new generation of membranes called thin film nano composite (tfn) membranes. however, in the last generation of tfns, an ultrathin selective film of nanoparticles is coated...

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze how organizational conditions, technology adoption, supplier relationship management and customer relationship management affect knowledge creation through socialization-externalization combination, internalization (SECI) modes, and various ba, as proposed by Nonaka and Konno, in a supply chain. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative inquiry with themat...

In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 070401 (2006)] the transition rate of magnetic spin-flip of a neutral two-level atom trapped in the vicinity of a thick superconducting body was studied. In the present paper we will extend these considerations to a situation with an atom at various distances from a dielectric film. Rates for the corresponding electric dipole-flip transition will also be ...