Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are synthetic ligands of Peroxisome-Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ). Troglitazone, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone have been approved for treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. All three compounds, together with the first TZD ciglitazone, also showed an antitumor effect in preclinical studies and a beneficial effect in some clinical trials. This review s...

Type 2 diabetes is a common disorder with an increased risk of macrovascular complications. Achieving adequate glycaemic control is an important aim of therapy. Thiazolidinediones, or glitazones, have been used for the treatment of diabetes for a decade. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are currently available, however recent concerns around cardiovascular safety have led to restrictions on their...

Betaine hydrochloride (BHC), as an ionic salt was found to be an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 4-thiazolidinediones. The methodology of study was achieved by one-pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, aromatic amine and mercaptoacetic acid in the presence of betaine hydrochloride (BHC) at reflux temperature in ethanol as solvent. The efficiency of Betaine hydro...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the diseases affecting people worldwide, regardless region, race, blood type, and many more. So, management DM has been a challenging issue all over. Hyperlipidemia or Dyslipidemia main root causes DM, leading to severe cardiovascular diseases. Behavioral therapies like diet exercise can improve diabetic Dyslipidemia; however, most patients require drug therapy ...

Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl‐CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase which localized in the mitochondrial matrix. The carrier (MPC) composed of SLC54 family members (MPC1 and MPC2) [1, 5], form functional hetero-dimers [9, 8]. MPC expressed inner membrane involved import into mitochondria 5]. Ubiquitous disruption either MPC1 or MPC2 expression results embryonic lethality [11, 12]. Clinically relevant ...