We study diffusive transport of aqueous methane in sea sediments, which is important for formation of methane hydrate and gas deposits and has even been claimed to be principal methane transport mechanism for some geological systems. The isothermal diffusion law (Fick's law), D X = − ∇ J , which is employed in the literature for investigations on methane hydrate, is shown to significantly devia...

We investigate theoretically, numerically and experimentally nonlinear optical waves in an absorbing out-of-equilibrium colloidal material at the gelification transition. At sufficiently high optical intensity, absorption is frustrated and light propagates into the medium. The process is mediated by the formation of a matter-shock wave due to optically induced thermodiffusion, and largely resem...

In this paper the linear theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, developed by Onsager and others, is applied to random networks with arbitrary degree distribution. Using the well-known methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics we identify thermodynamic forces and their conjugated flows induced in networks as a result of single node degree perturbation. The forces and the flows can be understood...

Thermal imaging with an infrared camera can be used to view the location and intensity of heat sources in space and time. In a thermal conductor, thermal diffusion blurs out those heat sources. Knowledge of the physics of thermal diffusion can be used to enhance the spatial and temporal resolution of thermal images. In two dimensions, quantitative reconstruction of the heat source intensity is ...

We describe a new technique for investigating laser-tissue interactions based on the use of an interferometric laser exposure pattern. A Michelson interferometer is used to generate a sinusoidal fringe exposure pattern. The periodicity of the fringe pattern may be adjusted from macroscopic dimensions to a scale of microns without the need for an imaging plane. Since fringe pattern periodicity i...

objective(s):the aim of this study was to improve flowability and compressibility characteristics of starch to use as a suitable excipient in direct compression tabletting. quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion was used as a crystal modification method. materials and methods: corn starch was dissolved in hydrochloric acid at 80˚c and then ethanol as a non-solvent was added with lowering temperature ...

Wong’s diffusion network is a stochastic, zero-input Hopfield network [8] with a Gibbs stationary distribution over a bounded, connected continuum [13]. Previously, logarithmic thermal annealing was demonstrated for the diffusion network [10], [7] and digital versions of it were studied and applied to imaging [14]. Recently, “quantum” annealed Markov chains have garnered significant attention [...

The thermal diffusion factor, aT, for a binary gas mixture is calculated on the basis of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. A new formula for aT is derived and this factor is given for several paris of gases according to this formula.

A model for diffusion in liquids that couples the dynamics of tracer particles to a fluctuating Stokes equation for the fluid is investigated in the limit of large Schmidt number. In this limit, the concentration of tracers is shown to satisfy a closed-form stochastic advection-diffusion equation that is used to investigate the collective diffusion of hydrodynamically-correlated tracers through...