purpose: to evaluate of proton therapy (pt) for neurosurgery patients and is also to explain the need for this system in iran. methods: a literature review was conducted (1984–2016). the strategy included a combination of keywords including proton therapy, neck, neurosurgery, brain, head, tumor, spine, arteriovenous malformation (avms), cervical and spine in database of pubmed. new generation p...

background: dysphagia is common after stroke. the onset time of swallowing rehabilitation following stroke has an important role in the recovery of dysphagia and preventing of its complications, but it was either highly variable or was not stated in previous trials. the aim of this study was investigation effects of onset time of swallowing therapy on recovery from dysphagia following stroke. m...

background: post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (ptld) are a complication of chronic immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation with a high mortality rate. alternative treatments such as rapamycin have been explored. methods: a detailed retrospective analysis was performed according to data collected from 13 patients with ptld. at the time of ptld diagnosis, immunosuppre...

ptsd or post traumatic stress disorder is one of the most important psychological disorders in children in which symptoms such as anxiety and depression can be seen. beside the strategies like cbt or cognitive behavioral therapy and psychotherapy art therapy is one of the most important strategies which can help to children with ptsd to cope with this disorder. according to art therapy studies ...

exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy (“exposure therapy”) is the most effective psychological treatment for anxiety disorders. however, popular exposure-based treatments differ substantially in how exposure is delivered, and emerging research indicates that the effectiveness of exposure is closely tied to its manner of delivery. the author will present research indicating that there are ...

despite the major advances in conventional forms of treatment (i.e. surgical techniques, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) and improved survival rates, cancer is still the second leading cause of death in developing countries. one major limitation of cytotoxic drugs and radiation in the treatment of cancer patients is their inability to discriminate between malignant and normal tissues. this in tu...

introduction : halitosis is a common problem that affects a large portion of the population worldwide. the origin of this condition is oral in 90% of cases and systemic in 10% of cases. the foul odor is caused mainly by volatile sulfur compounds produced by gram-negative bacteria. however, it has recently been found that anaerobic gram-positive bacteria also produce hydrogen sulfide (h 2 s) in ...

background and objectives: there are studies that support music and singing as appropriate developmental care for premature infants, thus, we conducted this study to investigate the physiological and behavioral responses of premature infants to quran recitation, lullaby music and silence. methods: in a randomized controlled trial (2011-2012),120 premature infants in the neonatal unit (nnu) at i...

aim and background: efficacy of mindfulness based cognitive therapy and traditional cognitive behavior therapy in reduction of over generality in autobiographical memory test of patients with major depressive disorder in 2007 is considered in this study. method and materials: this clinical-experimental study was carried out on 90 patients randomly selected from 160 cases refering to tehran univ...