Typical constructions of wavelets depend on the stability of the shifts of an underlying re nable function. Unfortunately, several desirable properties are not available with compactly supported orthogonal wavelets, e.g. symmetry and piecewise polynomial structure. Presently, multiwavelets seem to o er a satisfactory alternative. The study of multiwavelets involves the consideration of the prop...

Multi-speaker separation is necessary to increase intelligibility of speech signals or to improve accuracy of speech recognition systems. Ideal binary mask (IBM) has set a gold standard for speech separation by suppressing the undesired speakers and also by increasing intelligibility of the desired speech. In this work, single frequency filtering (SFF) analysis is used to estimate the mask clos...

Singing voice separation based on deep learning relies on the usage of time-frequency masking. In many cases the masking process is not a learnable function or is not encapsulated into the deep learning optimization. Consequently, most of the existing methods rely on a post processing step using the generalized Wiener filtering. This work proposes a method that learns and optimizes (during trai...

The perception of a briefly presented shape is strongly impaired when it is followed by another pattern, a phenomenon called backward masking. We found that the vast majority of a sample of shape-selective neurons in the macaque inferior temporal cortex respond selectively to backward-masked shapes, although these shapes could not be discriminated by human and monkey subjects. However, this sel...

Mask pattern transferred transient grating, which is a convenient new technique in the class of optical heterodyne detected transient grating, is applied to photochromic molecule (spiropyran) in 2-propanol solution. The spatial modulations of optical properties of the material is generated by transferring an ultra-violet light pattern directly from a metal film grating into the sample solution ...

The “polar data gap” is a region around the North Pole where satellite orbit inclination and instrument swath for SMMR and SSM/I-SSMIS satellites preclude retrieval of sea ice concentrations. Data providers make the irregularly shaped data gap round by centering a circular “pole hole mask” over the North Pole. The area within the pole hole mask has conventionally been assumed to be ice-covered ...

INTRODUCTION The use of a pre-contrast reference image, referred to as a mask, to suppress background signal and improve output contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) through subtraction is common in contrast-enhanced MR angiography. It is critical that this operation be performed to optimize output image quality. As has been previously reported [1-3] it is advantageous to use complex subtraction for th...

25 Metacontrast is a visual illusion in which the visibility of a target stimulus is 26 virtually lost when immediately followed by a non-overlapping mask stimulus. 27 For a colored target, metacontrast is color-selective, with target visibility 28 markedly reduced when the mask and target are the same color, but only 29 slightly reduced when the colors differ. The present study investigated ne...

The use of masks coming from research field as different as colloids, polymers or nanomaterials is a recently emerging field. Recent advances in this area have developed a variety of practical routes which have a great potential to overcome or at least complete the high-cost lithographic techniques. This review focuses on three techniques that try to reduce to the nanometer range, the size of t...

where j is in KÁo (A) if Áo(¢ ¡ j) 6 ́ 0 on A. The function vector © is said to be globally linearly independent if in the above de ̄nition A = IR. Hence, local linear independence of © implies global linear independence. For re ̄nable functions (r = 1) with dilation parameter 2 local and global linear independence are equivalent. However, for r > 1 this is not longer true. The description of loca...