assistance and Eric Reinhardt for access to a database of GATT and WTO disputes.

Today’s theoretic, i.e. stochastic, option valuation models, inherently base on unrealistic assumptions. Especially the adequate estimation of a volatility measure is discussed controversially. Several studies show that the issuer’s individual volatility measure is used to exploit the consumer surplus. Moreover, not only the well-known inputs but also "hidden" inputs affect option market prices...

Disputes are an inevitable event in all facets of life and in the same vein it permeates society, from family quarrels to multinational corporate clashes. The dynamics of today society which revolve around competition, misunderstandings, wrongful termination of contracts, product liability and hostility among communities have contributed greatly to the endemic nature of dispute in our society. ...

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In this paper, we report early lessons learned from a new project to understand how Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) can improve efficiency, effectiveness and fairness in Government dispute resolution and how ODR systems can gain acceptance.

as the need for both the speed and certainty in the capital market’s professional activities grows, the possibility of disputes also increases. these debates are not limited to the relations of certain business activities  and exist in courts and authorities jurisdiction as well. hence, consistent rules are required to resolve any dispute, which observe the above principles. in addition, becaus...