Cis-polybutadiene was functionalized using in–situ generated DMD as oxidant and tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst (PTC). The epoxidation process was investigated by 1HNMR spectroscopy. 1HNMR spectrum analysis of products confirms the absence of ring opening side products in epoxidation reaction. Various factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time and the concentr...

Cervical cancer remains an important cause of women morbidity and mortality. The progression of cervical pathology correlates with the HPV integration into the host genome. However, the data on the viral integration status in cervical dysplasias are controversial. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the status of HPV integration in two types of cervical pathology - invasive and non inv...

Background: Cystoscopy using white light is a standard procedure for diagnosing bladder cancer; however, white light can result in missed lesions that are present, but not visible, such as in cases of carcinoma in situ (CIS). In this case report, we describe observing the nuclei of urothelial carcinoma cells in situ that were not visible with cystoscopy under white light using probe-based confo...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba (GB) against testicular damage and oxidative stress as well as caudal sperm indices in a cisplatin- (CIS-) induced rodent model. Adult male Wistar rats were given vehicle, single i.p. dose of CIS alone (10 mg/kg), GB alone (200 mg g/kg every day for five days), or single dose of CIS followed by GB (50, 100, or 200 mg/...

An association between vasectomy and the development of testicular tumors, and the importance of testicular examinations both before and after a vasectomy is discussed. Patients diagnosed with testicular tumors within the last ten years were examined at Bangour General Hospital in Scotland. From 1977-87, 37 patients under age 60 were detected with testicular tumors. 3079 men underwent a vase...

Germ cell tumors (GCT) are curable cancers, but 10-15% of patients with metastatic disease fail cisplatinbased first-line therapy. While therapeutic options have increased for various other cancers no therapeutic targets have emerged in cisplatin-refractory GCT. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1-CAM) is commonly expressed in human malignancies and therefore a potential target, however its expressio...

Laparoscopic orchiectomy was performed in a 16-year-old patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. Pathology revealed in situ carcinoma of the seminiferous tubules.

AIM To evaluate the protective effects of ginger (Gin) and roselle (Ros) against testicular damage and oxidative stress in a cisplatin (CIS)-induced rodent model. Their protective effects against CIS-induced apoptosis in testicular and epididymal sperms is also investigated. METHODS Ethanol extracts of Gin or Ros (1 g/kg.day) were given orally to male albino rats for 26 days. This period bega...

A 36 year-old man after tests for assessing male infertility was diagnosed with primary infertility, bilateral cryptorchidism, nonobstructive azoospermia and discontinuous splenogonadal fusion. Carcinoma in situ was found in his left testicle, which was intraabdominal and associated with splenogonadal fusion. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of splenogonadal fusion associated with test...

also found an increased risk of cancer of the peritoneum and other digestive organs. One explanation for this association is that some of the observed cancers in this category were misclassified testicular or extragonadal germ cell tumours. Extragonadal germ cell tumours have been associated with testicular carci-noma in situ, 28 29 suggesting a common aetiology with testicular cancer. From a p...