in this study ptfeco ternary alloys nanoparticles of three dimentional (3d) rhombus shapes dispersed on graphene nanosheets (ptfeco/gr) were successfully prepared and studied as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (orr) in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells. a combination of analytical techniques including powder x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectra, inductively coupled plasma-...

the purpose of this reaserch is to measure the phase equilibrium data of the ternary system (water + phosphoric acid + 1-nonanol) at different temperatures. experimental solubility curves and tie-line points for the system were obtained at t = 298.2, 308.2 and 318.2 k and ambient pressure. the binodal curve data were detected by the cloud point method. the mass fractions of each layer were achi...

liquid-liquid equilibrium data for the (water + lactic acid + 2-ethy-1-hexanol) ternary system in t=298.2k and p=1atm were determined and tie- lines related to equilibrium data has been drawn in the phases diagram . the reliability of the experimental tie-line data for this system was as confirmed by using the hand and othmer –tobias correlations. the tie-line data were correlated by means of t...

Calcium chloride is a highly soluble chemical compound involved in variable amounts many natural and industrial environments. The description of its properties mineral-solution equilibrium conditions must cover wide range temperatures compositions, including saline solutions. This article reports an improved model for the thermodynamic accurate CaCl2-H2O system according to Pitzer formalism fro...

A theoretical and experimental study of cation exchange in high ionic strength electrolytes was performed using pristine subsurface sediments from the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford site. These sediments are representative of the site contaminated sediments impacted by release of high level waste (HLW) solutions containing 137Cs+ in NaNO3 brine. The binary exchange behavior of Cs+-Na+, Cs+-K...

Aluminiumeair cells are high-energy density (<400 W h kg 1) primary batteries developed in the 1960s. This review shows the influence of the materials, including: aluminium alloy, oxygen reduction catalyst and electrolyte type, in the battery performance. Two issues are considered: (a) the parasitic corrosion of aluminium at open-circuit potential and under discharge, due to the reduction of wa...

A nanocomposite membrane Cu2+ ion-selective electrode has been constructed using a new compound ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxopyrimidine-5-carboxylat (ETMOC) as a neutral ionophore. The electrode works properly. It responds to Cu2+ ion with a sensitivity of 29.5 ± 0.2 mV/decade over the range 1.0 × 10−9 to 5.0 × 10−1M at p...

The enthalpies of mixing of the liquid mixtures of (NaB0 2 ) 2 + B 2 0 3 , N a 4 P 2 0 7 + (NaP0 3 ) 2 , (NaP0 3 ) 2 + B 2 0 3 and N a 4 P 2 0 7 + (NaB0 2 ) 2 have been measured by liquid -(liquid calorimetry. The results are discussed in terms of tentative structural models of the melts, and in terms of O 2 ion transfers from phosphorus groups to boron groups in (NaP0 3 ) 2 + B 2 0 3 and from ...

The application of the subhalide reaction to Al refining has recently been a subject of increasing concern as a process to obtain pure Al from crude Al alloys. In this process, the ternary Al-Si-Fe alloy containing various amounts of Si and Fe which is produced(1)-(3) by the direct reduction of bauxite or alumina-bearing ores is used as the raw material. Therefore, on obtaining pure Al from Al-...