In several applications involving bilateral telemanipulation, master and slave robots act at different power scales (e.g. telesurgery, micromanipulation). Scaling forces and velocities means scaling the power that is exchanged between master and slave sides through the communication channel. In this paper we show how it is possible to embed power scaling in the scattering based communication ch...

Surgical preparation is enhanced by the availability of computer-generated three-dimensional models that allow surgeons to explore the surgical field in various projections prior to an actual operation. In fact, with adequate computed tomography images, an entire operation can be simulated beforehand so that surgeons can plan the safest and most effective approach and be prepared to avoid or ov...

We report a computerized endoscopic surgical grasper with computer control and a force feedback (haptic) user interface. The system uses standard unmodified grasper shafts and tips. The device can control grasping forces either by direct surgeon control, via teleoperation, or under software control. In this paper, we test an automated palpation function in which the grasper measures mechanical ...

1.1 VR Environments and Interfaces 1.1.1 Head-Mounted Display 1.1.2 Instrumented Clothing 1.1.3 3-D Spatialized Sound 1.1.4 Other VR Interfaces 1.2 Diversity of VR Applications 1.3 Current Status of VR Technology 1.4 VR-Based Medical Applications in Development 1.4.1 Surgical Training and Planning 1.4.2 Medical Education, Modeling, and Nonsurgical Training 1.4.3 Anatomically Keyed Displays with...

Recent advances in telemedicine and robotically assisted telesurgery may offer advanced surgical care for the geographically remote patient. Similar advances in tele-anesthesia will be necessary to optimize perioperative care for these patients. Although many preliminary investigations into tele-anesthesia are underway, none involves remote performance of anesthesia-related procedures. Here we ...