To understand the secretory mechanisms and physiological role of insulin in the tear film, the present study examined 1) the time course of insulin secretion in the tear film under glucose intravenous stimulation, 2) the glucose- and carbachol-induced insulin secretion from isolated lacrimal gland (LG), 3) the effect of insulin on glucose consumption by the cornea, and 4) the expression of insu...

PURPOSE. The lacrimal gland secretes water, electrolytes, and protein into the tear film. Decreased secretion from the lacrimal gland can lead to dry eye syndromes with deleterious effects on vision. Protein kinase C (PKC)plays a major role in cholinergicand 1-adrenergic–induced protein secretion from the lacrimal gland. This study was undertaken to determine whether activation of PKC alone wou...

PURPOSE Our previous studies in the rabbit trigeminal nerve (TgN) showed that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) accelerated the extension of neuronal processes and recovery of corneal sensitivity. The purposes of the present study were 1) develop a procedure to culture trigeminal nerve (TgN) cells from monkeys, 2) test whether PACAP induces sprouting and elongation of axons...

Dry eye is a highly prevalent, chronic, and multifactorial disease that compromises quality of life and generates socioeconomic burdens. The pathogenic factors of dry eye disease (DED) include tear secretion abnormalities, tear film instability, and ocular surface inflammation. An effective intervention targeting the pathogenic factors is needed to control this disease. Here we applied α-Melano...

Objective: This study aims to systematically review the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treatment of dry eye symptom (DES). Methods: PubMed, EMbase, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang databases were searched manually and automatically by computer. The published literatures about DES treated by TCM were collected. After selection, quality evaluation and ...

BACKGROUND Decreased lacrimal gland output may cause dry eye syndrome. Using a rat model, we examined the feasibility of transplanting lacrimal gland cells from newborns. OBJECTIVES To restore lacrimal gland function in eyes with compromised tear production. METHODS A model of dry eye in adult rats was developed by unilateral surgical removal of the main lacrimal gland. Tear secretion in bo...