the brain edema is one of remarkable injuries after traumatic brain injuries (tbi). the common treatments for limiting edema are included mannitol, barbiturates, corticosteroids, hyperventilation and central nervous system derange. the most of these treatments for edema is problematic. for example, mannitol can be effective for the short period of time (24 hours) after brain injuries but is not...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is one of the major causes of severe disability and death in the entire world that accidents are mentioned as main factors of it. tbi lead to primary and secondary injuries.  primary injuries are created immediately after accidents or bleeding but the secondary injuries are created by complicated process of cellular and molecular responses following primary injury a...

INTRODUCTION The Forced-choice Graphics Memory Test (FGMT) is a newly developed measure to assess feigned cognitive impairment. This study investigated the ability and reliability of FGMT for identification of malingering in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS The FGMT was administered to 40 healthy volunteers instructed to respond validly (Healthy Control, H-C), 40 healthy vo...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), defined as an alteration in brain functions caused by an external force, is responsible for high morbidity and mortality around the world. It is important to identify and treat TBI victims as early as possible. Tracking and monitoring TBI with neuroimaging technologies, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), positron...

PURPOSE Relatively little is known about the prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among adolescents who come into contact with the criminal justice system. METHODS We undertook screening for TBI among newly admitted adolescents in the New York City jail system using a validated TBI screening tool. A convenience sample of 300 male and 84 female screenings was examined. RESULTS Screenin...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability among children and young adults in the United States. In this study, we explored whether changes in the gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) may provide a clinically assessable "window" into the brain, reflecting molecular alterations following TBI that might contribute to the onset and progr...

Background: Sleep disorders are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: We review the literature regarding sleep disturbances in the acute and chronic phase following TBI in both the adult and pediatric population. Results: Acute and chronic disruption of sleep commonly follows TBI and contributes to morbidity commonly seen post-injury in both adults and children. This includes ...

Unintentional poisonings, falls, and motor vehicle crashes contribute to reduced life expectancy among persons with TBI [1]. Research examining adolescents and adults with moderate to severe TBI who participated in rehabilitation showed that they were twice as likely to die from an unintentional injury that occurs following their TBI compared to individuals in the rehabilitation population of s...

Objective: Sesamol is a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective chemical. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of sesamol in rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Material Methods: Thirty-two male rats were divided into following four groups: control, trauma, vehicle, sesamol. All groups subjected TBI, immediately after trauma salin...

Anemia may worsen neurological outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI) by undefined mechanisms. We hypothesized that hemodilutional anemia accentuates hypoxic cerebral injury following TBI. Anesthetized rats underwent unilateral TBI or sham injury (n > or = 7). Target hemoglobin concentrations between 50 and 70 g/l were achieved by exchanging 40-50% of the blood volume (1:1) with pentas...