Arthropod communities were investigated in two Swedish semi-natural grasslands, each subject to two types of grazing regime: conventional grazing from May to September (continuous grazing) and traditional late management from mid-July (late grazing). Pitfall traps were used to investigate abundance of carabids, spiders, and ants over the grazing season. Ant abundance was also measured by mappin...

We examined the effects of grazing on deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) movements into buildings using passive integrated transponder (PIT) technology and small simulated buildings located on 0.6-ha treatment (grazing) and control (no grazing) plots. Twelve experimental 9-day trials were conducted over the course of the study. During these trials, mouse movements into buildings were monitored...

this study investigates monthly and seasonal variations of carbon emission from the soil at different grazing intensities. three areas of exclosure, low and high grazing intensities were selected in ghoosheh region of semnan province. carbon emission was measured monthly, in each treatment applying alkali traps (csc) during a year. emission and grazing data were analyzed, using a factorial expe...

Axisymmetric steady solutions of Taylor–Couette flow at high Taylor numbers are studied numerically and theoretically. As the axial period solution shortens from approximately one gap length, Nusselt number goes through two peaks before returning to laminar flow. In this process, asymptotic nature changes in four stages, as revealed by analysis. When aspect ratio roll cell is unity, has proport...

Insects and mammals cut their food up into small pieces to facilitate ingestion and chemical digestion. Teeth and jaws act as cutting tools, but, unlike engineering tools designed for a specific purpose, must generally cope with substantial variation in food properties and work at many scales. Knowing how teeth and jaws work effectively requires an understanding of the cutting on the edges and ...

the effects of different grazing intensities on the above and underground biomass of twospecies festucaovina l. and alopecurustextilisboiss. in the north sabalan rangelands (in shabil) were investigated. sampling on the light, medium and heavy grazing intensities in the flowering stage (the second half of june 2013) were performed. initially, from a 90-meter transects perpendicular to the slope...

BACKGROUND Grazing is one of the main grassland disturbances in China, and it is essential to quantitatively evaluate the effects of different grazing intensities on grassland production for grassland carbon budget and sustainable use. METHODS A meta-analysis was conducted to reveal general response patterns of grassland production to grazing in China. We used weighted log response ratio to a...

Grazing and haying effects on runoff and erosion from a former Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) site near Streeter, North Dakota, were determined. Treatments included undisturbed CRP, twice-over rotational grazing, season-long grazing, haying, and burning. Runoff and erosion were measured from simulated rainfall which was applied to 3.7 x 10.7 m (12.0 X 35.1 ft) plots. Following an initial st...

having a comprehensive and correct understanding of grazing behaviour of livestock helps to maximize livestock products. moreover, a good understanding of livestock behavior allows us to predict the effects of livestock on rangeland and finally we can do livestock grazing management the best possible. recognition of grazing behavior of animals can provide solutions enables the optimal use of ra...

Ultrahigh stocking density (113,000 kg of beef per ha to as high as 1 million kg per ha) or mob grazing has been suggested to build soil, increase forage production and plant diversity, and improve grazing distribution compared to less intensive grazing systems. Experimental evidence does not completely support such conclusions. The overall focus of this research is based on the approach of bui...