a. Gingival enlargement Gingival enlargement secondary to drug therapy is the most commonly reported oral manifestation of renal disease. It can be induced by cyclosporine and/or calcium channel blockers (Somacarrera et al., 1994; Kennedy and Linden 2000). b. Oral hygiene and periodontal disease The oral hygiene of individuals receiving hemodialysis can be poor. Deposits of calculus may be incr...

Peri, Irena, Hanna Mamrud-Brains, Sergey Rodin, Valery Krizhanovsky, Yechiel Shai, Shlomo Nir, and Michael Naim. Rapid entry of bitter and sweet tastants into liposomes and taste cells: implications for signal transduction. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 278: C17–C25, 2000.— Some amphipathic bitter tastants and non-sugar sweeteners are direct activators of G proteins and stimulate transduction p...

Many bitter stimuli are believed to bind to specific G-protein-coupled membrane receptors on taste cells. Despite the compelling evidence for its pivotal role in bitter taste sensation, a direct involvement of the G-protein subunit -gustducin in bitter taste transduction in taste cells has not been demonstrated in situ at the cellular level. We recorded activation of taste cells by bitter stimu...

When behavioral pharmacologists/toxicologists study conditioned taste aversions (CTAs), or other conditioned responses, as a means to investigate the effects of various drugs or toxins on a learned response, failure to discover a CTA is frequently attributed to the treatment's influence on the associative process. This kind of analysis may fail to identify drug-induced sensory changes that may ...

Taste, smell, and chemical irritation (so-called trigeminal sensation) combine in our daily experience to produce the supramodal sensation of flavor, are processed by partly overlapping neural mechanisms, and show functional interconnectivity in experiments. Given their collaboration in flavor formation and the well-established connections between these senses, it is plausible that polymodal de...

The comparative ultrastructural studies of taste buds were made scanning electron microscopically in 15 different kinds of the vertebrtates, such as fish, frog, newt, lizard, snake, chicken, macaw, mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, cat, monkey and human. There were no remarkable differences in the shapes and sizes of the taste pores on the surface ultrastructure of the taste buds among classes an...

A patient with a submandibular gland carcinoma was found clinically to have a unilateral chorda tympani, lingual and hypoglossal nerve deficit. This unique neurological entity of loss of taste sensation of one-half of the tongue (hemiageusia), hemianaesthesia and hemiatrophy of the tongue, has not previously been reported.