introduction: appraiser is the main interface between the performance appraisal system and those being appraised. their views and behaviors have different effects on the performance of the evaluation system, as well as the reactions subjects of the appraisal make toward the system and their subsequent performance. hence, appraisers need to be trained enough regarding the appraisal. therefore, t...

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Some personality traits have key importance for health because they can affect the maintenance and evolution of different disorders with a high prevalence in older people, including stress pathologies and diseases. In this study we investigated how two relevant personality traits, optimism and pessimism, affect the psychophysiological response of 72 healthy participants (55 to 76 years old) exp...

BACKGROUND Students can be classified into three categories depending on their approaches to studying; namely, deep approach (DA), strategic approach (SA) and surface apathetic or superficial approach (SAA). The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the approaches to studying among Sri Lankan medical undergraduates and post graduate trainees and to analyze the change in the patter...

PURPOSE The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of perceived risk for cancer; to explore associations between sociodemographics and family history of cancer and perceived cancer risk; to identify perceived cause of cancer risk; and to examine the associations between sociodemographics and family history of cancer and perceived cause of cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS Th...

Scherer's Component Process Model provides a theoretical framework for research on the production mechanism of emotion and facial emotional expression. The model predicts that appraisal results drive facial expressions, which unfold sequentially and cumulatively over time. In two experiments, we examined facial muscle activity changes (via facial electromyography recordings over the corrugator,...

In visual perception of emotional stimuli, low- and high-level appraisal processes have been found to engage different neural structures. Beyond emotional facial expression, emotional prosody is an important auditory cue for social interaction. Neuroimaging studies have proposed a network for emotional prosody processing that involves a right temporal input region and explicit evaluation in bil...

performance appraisal systems are affected by organizational social context. social context consists of tow factors, distal variables, and, proximal variables. distal factors include but are not limited to organizational culture, organizational structure, and, values. proximal variable categorize as both process factors and structural factors. in this paper the process factors were examined. th...