387 R ecent increases in international oil prices have resulted in substantial fuel subsidies in many developing and emerging market economies. After a long period of stability over the last two decades, international oil prices increased substantially from 2002. Prices increased from around US$25 per barrel in January 2003 to over US$65 per barrel by August 2005, an increase of about 260 perce...

This study examines the financial impacts of electricity subsidy on tubewell owners and water buyers, and proposes alternative subsidy policy options that could balance the efficiency and equity. The results suggest that the subsidy plays a key role in stabilising production by providing financial incentives to tubewell owners to stabilise extraction cost under the declining watertables. The re...

In order to recycle and dispose of all people's expired drugs, the government should design a subsidy policy to stimulate users to return their expired drugs, and drug-stores should take the responsibility of recycling expired drugs, in other words, to be recycling stations. For this purpose it is necessary for the government to select the right recycling stations and treatment stations to opti...

The Effect of Extra Funding for Disadvantaged Pupils on Achievement This paper evaluates the effects of two subsidies targeted at disadvantaged pupils in the Netherlands. The first scheme gives primary schools with at least 70 percent minority pupils extra funding for personnel. The second scheme gives primary schools with at least 70 percent pupils from different disadvantaged groups extra fun...

This paper addresses the potential for using economic regulation, e.g. taxes or subsidies, as instruments to combat the increasing problems of inappropriate diets, leading to health problems such as obesity, diabetes 2, cardiovascular diseases etc. in most countries. Such policy measures may be considered as alternatives or supplements to other regulation instruments, including information camp...

The article analyses the interaction of proposed new Foreign Subsidies Regulation with other existing instruments under EU law and international agreements that deal or regulate subsidies from non-EU sources their effects in EU. analysis looks at relationship with, particular, competition, State aid, public procurement countervailing duty rules, as well a number agreements. conclusion is concur...

one of the most important variables in each country which attracts the attention of policymakers is inflation. in the inflation targeted system, it is important to target the low and stable inflation clearly and directly as the main policy. on the other hand the stability of prices which is an important result of targeted inflation is a necessary condition to achieve sustainable levels of econo...

A comprehensive tax and benefit incidence analysis is presented covering the redistributive fiscal instruments implemented in Mexico in 2008 and 2010, representative of the urban and rural sectors, as well as nationally. The expansion of basic social programs and effectively targeted direct monetary transfers have increased the progressivity of Mexico ́s fiscal system in recent years, but redist...

A Welfare-to-Work (WTW) program is a scheme of government expenditures on “passive” (unemployment compensation, social assistance) and “active” (job search monitoring, training, wage subsidies) labor market policies targeted to the unemployed. This paper studies the optimal WTW program as a recursive contract between a cost-minimizing government and a worker whose human capital depreciates duri...

States have long been the testing ground for new models of health care and coverage. Section 1332 of the Affordable Care Act, which takes effect in less than two years, throws open the door to innovation by authorizing states to rethink the law's coverage designs. Under State Innovation Waivers, states can modify the rules regarding covered benefits, subsidies, insurance marketplaces, and indiv...