The path of a target oscillating in the fronto-parallel plane and differentially filtered to the two eyes appears elliptical in depth when the eyes fixate a stationary point. When the eyes rrnck the target the path flattens out. Binocular records of sye movements indicate rhat the eyes follow the tru: physical path making only conjugate movements with no change in convergence. It is generally a...

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have demonstrated a great therapeutic potential against cancer due to their target specificity and cytotoxicity. To exert maximum effect on cancerous cells, we conjugated two different payloads amino acids, cysteines (cys) lysines (lys), trastuzumab, which is humanised anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody. First, trastuzumab was with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an a...

The NK cell-activating receptor NKG2D plays a critical role in the destruction of malignant cells, but many of the cell-signaling mechanisms governing NKG2D-mediated cellular cytotoxicity are unknown. We have identified an NKG2D-mediated signaling pathway that governs both conjugate formation and cytotoxic granule polarization. We demonstrate that an interaction between the regulatory subunit o...

OBJECTIVE To compare costs and health benefits of three prophylactic interventions recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and to help quantify the impact of illness and enhance the physicians' ability to make informed decisions. STUDY DESIGN Medline search was conducted of English-language cost-effectiveness studies of varicella and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination recommen...

Antibody-drug conjugates are targeted anticancer agents consisting of a cytotoxic drug covalently linked to a monoclonal antibody for tumor antigen-specific activity. Once bound to the target cell-surface antigen, the conjugate must be processed to release an active form of the drug, which can reach its intracellular target. Here, we used both biological and biochemical methods to better define...

1-Nitronaphthalene (1-NN) is a mutagenic nitroaromatic that has been detected in emissions from both heavy- and light-duty diesel engines, as well as in urban airborne particles. 1-NN is a cytochrome P450-bioactivated, nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cell cytotoxicant. Our recent studies demonstrated that 1-NN was metabolized by rat lung and liver microsomal enzymes to six 1-NN GSH c...

CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are severely deficient in cytolysis, a defect that may permit tumor escape from immune-mediated destruction. Because lytic function is dependent upon TCR signaling, we have tested the hypothesis that primary TIL have defective signaling by analysis of the localization and activation status of TIL proteins important in TCR-mediated signaling. Upon conjug...