In this paper, we derive the optimal boundary for pair trading. This boundary defines the points of entry into or exit from the market for a given stock pair. However, if the assumed model contains uncertainty, the resulting boundary could result in large losses. To avoid this, we develop a more robust strategy by accounting for the model uncertainty. To incorporate the model uncertainty, we us...

where the functions ρ, u, θ and d represent the mass density,the velocity field, the absolute temperature and the unit vector field that represents the macroscopic molecular orientation of the liquid crystal material. P stands for the pressure, S denotes the viscous stress tensor. The positive constants ν, κ denote the competition between kinetic energy and potential energy, and microscopic ela...

INTRODUCTION When taking a soccer penalty kick, there are two distinct kicking techniques that can be adopted; a 'power' penalty or a 'placement' penalty. The current study investigated how the type of penalty kick being taken affected the kicker's visual search strategy and where the ball hit the goal (end ball location). METHOD Wearing a portable eye tracker, 12 university footballers execu...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase ambiguity resolution is the process of resolving the carrier phase ambiguities as integers. It is the key to fast and high precision GNSS positioning and it applies to a great variety of GNSS models which are currently in use in navigation, surveying, geodesy and geophysics. A new principle of carrier phase ambiguity resolution is introduc...

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in general compliance with competition law and deterrence of forming or joining any anti-competitive conducts are achieved through the deterrent effects of penalties. nevertheless, full compliance behavior is not observed from all firms. in this paper, we study dynamic enforcement of competition law in a dynamic model of an antitrust and firms and analyze via differential games how efficient is...