Abstract-A solution to the equations of elastic equilibrium is developed in terms of two harmonic functions, such that on a certain plane, normal stresses are identically zero, whilst tangential stresses and displacements are expressible as simple derivatives. The solution is used to solve the problem of the penny-shaped crack subjected to an arbitrary tangential traction and the corresponding ...

A tangential Fast Ion Charge eXchange Spectroscopy is newly applied on a Large Helical Device (LHD) for co/countercirculating fast ions, which are produced by high energy tangential negative-ion based neutral beam injection. With this new observation geometry, both the tangential-neutral beam (NB) and a low-energy radial-NB based on positive ions can be utilized as probe beams of the measuremen...

To describe the heterogeneous nature of stress transmission in granular materials, the concept of the "strong" network consisting of contacts with large normal forces has been proposed by Radjaï [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 61 (1998)]. The shear stress is mainly determined by this strong network. The dual viewpoint is adopted here, by not only considering the forces at contacts, but also the deformati...

The lack of information about the tangential velocity makes the velocity estimation erroneous in contour matching. Classical methods use the normal velocity, together with some smoothness constraints, since the tangential velocity cannot be recovered. This paper presents a contour matching method that computes displacements with a criteria of minimum curvature diierences. The rst derivative of ...

During development, cortical interneurons generated from the ventral telencephalon migrate tangentially into the dorsal telencephalon. Although Achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1 (Ascl1) plays important roles in the developing telencephalon, whether Ascl1 regulates tangential migration remains unclear. Here, we found that Ascl1 promoted tangential migration along the ventricular z...

Evolution of the mammalian brain encompassed a remarkable increase in size of the cerebral cortex, which includes tangential and radial expansion. However, the mechanisms underlying these key features are still largely unknown. Here, we identified the DNA-associated protein Trnp1 as a regulator of cerebral cortex expansion in both of these dimensions. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments in t...

with input u(t) ∈ Rm, state x(t) ∈ RN and output y(t) ∈ Rp. Without loss of generality, we can assume that the system is controllable and observable since otherwise we can always find a smaller dimensional model that is controllable and observable, and that has exactly the same transfer function. In addition to this, we will assume that the system is stable, i.e. the generalized eigenvalues of ...

For unsymmetric block-tridiagonal systems of linear equations arising from the discretization of partial differential equations, a composite preconditioner is proposed and tested. It combines a classical ILU0 factorization for high frequencies with a tangential filtering preconditioner. The choice of the filtering vector is important: the test-vector is the Ritz eigenvector corresponding to the...

Cell lineage analyses suggest that cortical neuroblasts are capable of undertaking both radial and tangential modes of cell movement. However, it is unclear whether distinct progenitors are committed to generating neuroblasts that disperse exclusively in either radial or tangential directions. Using highly unbalanced mouse stem cell chimeras, we have identified certain progenitors that are comm...