Nowadays laser is extensively used in various industrial, communicative, medical, and other fields. Using laser in medicine has enabled physicians to perform the most accurate and finest operations within few minutes. Non-observance of safety points during laser performance could be seriously harmful for the medical staff and the patient. Therefore, in order to prevent the possible damage of th...

BACKGROUND People who take analgesic drugs frequently may be at increased risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the extent of this risk remains unclear. METHODS We studied 716 patients treated for ESRD and 361 control subjects of similar age from Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. The study participants were interviewed by telephone about their past use of medicatio...

Automobile use has greatly increased during the last few decades. The number of passenger kilometers by private car per capita increased by 90 percent in Western Europe and 13 percent in the US between 1970 and 1990. In 1990, the average number of passenger kilometers travelled by private car in the US (18,650 km) was more than double the Western European figure (8710 km; OECD, 1996). The numbe...