Tagging allows individuals to use whatever terms they think are appropriate to describe an item. With the growing popularity of tagging, more and more tags have been collected by a variety of applications. An item may be associated with tags describing its different aspects, such as appearance, functionality, and location. However, little attention has been paid in the organization of tags; in ...

It is now generally recognized that user-provided image tags are incomplete and noisy. In this study, we focus on the problem of tag completion that aims to simultaneously enrich the missing tags and remove noisy tags. The novel component of the proposed framework is a noisy matrix recovery algorithm. It assumes that the observed tags are independently sampled from an unknown tag matrix and our...

In this paper we investigate whether it is possible to create a computational approach that allows us to distinguish topical tags (i.e. talking about the topic of a resource) and non-topical tags (i.e. describing aspects of a resource that are not related to its topic) in folksonomies, in a way that correlates with humans. Towards this goal, we collected 21 million tags (1.2 million unique term...

—Retention and readability of small (2.5 3 1.0 3 0.1-mm) and large (3.0 3 1.5 3 0.1mm) visible implant (VI) tags were compared among different size-classes (211–470 mm total length, TL) of hatchery brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Among smaller size-groups (,400 mm TL), retention of large tags (63–86%) 100 d after tagging was less than retention of small tags (89–97%). Overall retention of la...

PURPOSE To identify the genes expressed in normal human trabecular meshwork tissue, a tissue critical to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from human trabecular meshwork (HTM) harvested from 3 different donors. Extracted RNA was used to synthesize individual SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) libraries using the I-SAGE Long kit from Invitrogen. Libraries wer...

TagClouds is a popular visualization for the collaborative tags. However it has some instinct problems such as linguistic issues, high semantic density and poor understanding of hierarchical structure and semantic relation between tags. In this paper we investigate the ways to support semantic understanding of collaborative tags and propose an improved visualization named TagClusters. Based on ...

Prototype acoustic ‘business card’ (BC) tags were deployed on 4 free-swimming Galapagos sharks Carcharhinus galapagensis associated with a shark ecotourism operation near Haleiwa, Hawaii, USA. These transmitter/receiver tags employed mobile peer-to-peer (MP2P) technology that allowed the tagged sharks to exchange codes among each other and to detect other sharks implanted with standard one-way ...

Retention and associated fish mortality of visible implant alphanumeric (VIA) and fluorescent elastomer tags was assessed in 2 Australian intertidal rockpool fishes, Girella elevata (Girellidae) and Bathygobius cocosensis (Gobiidae). Mean retention of VIA and elastomer tags after 90 d was 32 ± 20% and 77 ± 19%, respectively. After 90 d the fish mean mortality from VIA tags (20 ± 5%) was signifi...