The heavy quark self-energy in nonrelativistic lattice QCD is calculated to O(αs) in perturbation theory. An action which includes all spin-independent relativistic corrections to order v, where v is the typical heavy quark velocity, and all spin-dependent corrections to order v is used. The standard Wilson action and an improved multiplaquette action are used for the gluons. Results for the ma...

Corticosteroids (CS) act synergistically with thyroid hormone (TH) to accelerate amphibian metamorphosis. Earlier studies showed that CS increase nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T(3)) binding capacity in tadpole tail, and 5' deiodinase activity in tadpole tissues, increasing the generation of T(3) from thyroxine (T(4)). In the present study we investigated CS synergy with TH by analyzing expre...

Abstract Resilience of ecosystems to the sudden decline large‐bodied species is dependent on characteristics surviving guild members. However, that response may also be mediated by local habitat conditions. Here, we examine mechanisms behind observed lack functional compensation in algal‐grazing insect grazers following tadpole a forested Panamanian stream. We examined: (1) shifts individual si...

We measured the critical thermal maxima (CTMax) of tadpoles of Buergeria japonica inhabiting streams and geothermal hot springs. The CTMax of all B. japonica tadpoles was over 41 C, indicating that the tadpoles are heat-tolerant. At Rushan, we monitored the temporal and spatial distribution of tadpoles over a 24-h period in a 220 cm X 70 cm-plot that is fed by a geothermal hot spring. The therm...

Ranaviruses have been associated with most of the reported larval anuran die-offs in the United States. It is hypothesized that anthropogenically induced stress may increase pathogen prevalence in amphibian populations by compromising immunity. Cattle use of wetlands may stress resident tadpole populations by reducing water quality. We isolated a Ranavirus from green frog Rana clamitans (n = 80...

A comprehensive analysis of tadpole-improved SU(2) lattice gauge theory is made. Simulations are done on isotropic and anisotropic lattices, with and without improvement. Two tadpole renormalization schemes are employed, one using average plaquettes, the other using mean links in Landau gauge. Simulations are done with spatial lattice spacings as in the range of about 0.1– 0.4 fm. Results are p...

Isolated bullfrog tadpole stomachs secrete H(+) by stage XXIV of metamorphosis, when tail reabsorption is nearly complete. At this stage the PD shows characteristic responses identical to those of the adult. The appearance of HCl secretion correlates well with other studies showing the morphogenesis of oxyntic cells. Prior to the development of H(+) secretion tadpole stomachs maintain a PD simi...

BACKGROUND Failure of pedicle screw fixation is often seen in patients with severe osteoporosis. We developed new lumbar spinal instrumentation (Tadpole system) for elderly patients who have osteoporotic bone and poor general health status. The objective of this study was to document the long-term clinical outcomes after Tadpole system fixation, the rate of spinal fusion, the incidence of adjac...

Background: Use of exfoliative cytology and cyto-analysis is a useful early diagnostic method for epithelial atypia and for human oral neoplasm. A rare occurrence of cytological atypia appeared to be anuran tadpole larva, named as keratinized tadpole cell (KTC) is analyzed cytomorphometrically with a cytodiagnostic approach. Materials and Methods: In a casecontrol study, exfoliated scraped cyto...

Phenotypic plasticity is commonplace, and plasticity theory predicts that organisms should often evolve mechanisms to detect and respond to environmental cues that accurately predict future environmental conditions. Here, we test this prediction in tadpoles of spadefoot toads, Spea multiplicata. These tadpoles develop into either an omnivore ecomorph, which is a dietary generalist, or a carnivo...