In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), millions of Muslims come to perform Pilgrimage every year. Around one million ton of municipal solid waste (MSW) is generated in Makkah city annually. The collected MSW is disposed of in the landfills without any treatment or energy recovery. As a result, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contamination of the soil and water bodies along with leachate and o...

In this study, to determine the biomass fraction to apply to the estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the waste incineration sector, municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and sewage sludge incineration facilities were selected and analyzed, and the biomass fractions found in these facilities were compared. The biomass fractions of Municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and sew...

identifying municipal solid waste (msw) disposal sites and appropriately managing them is a challenging task to many developing countries like bangladesh. it is a complex issue in an urban area, as increasing population levels, rapid economic growth and rise in community living standard, accelerates the generation rate of msw. the study area is zone-2 (mirpur-pallabi) of dhaka north city corpor...

The cooperative inter-municipal waste collection can be a real added value in terms of costs reduction and high performance services. The chapter proposes a Multi Agent Approach to support the inter-municipal infrastructure. The Multi Agent Systems (MAS) is an approach suitable to implement a distributed physically problem as the inter-municipal waste collection. The architecture of the approac...

Rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and economic growth in developing countries make management of municipal solid waste more complex comparing with developed countries. Furthermore, the conventional municipal solid waste management approach often is reductionists, not tailored to handle complexity. Therefore, the need to a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach r...

Towards an efficient utilisation of resources, waste minimisation and reuse through recycling and energy recovery is becoming as important as energy efficiency. Knowledge of municipal solid waste flow provides the starting point for evaluating management efficiency measures implemented. This study aims at applying material flow analysis towards evaluating the existing waste management approach ...

araucaria excelsa l. of araucariaceae family is a beautiful conifer which has a high economic importance in the flower industry. a factorial experiment based on randomized completely block design with two factors: 1. irrigation intervals in 2, 4 and 6 days (i1, i2 and i3) and 2. the growth bed in pots 3 l included m1 (100 % v/v cocopeat), m2 (100%  municipal waste compost), m3 (100 % vermicompo...

background & aim: rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) is an evergreen and aromatic plant that is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries-health. little research has been reported on the greenhouse production of this plant. this paper presents the effects of municipal solid waste compost (mswc) and cattle manure on rosemary growth in pots at greenhouse. martial & methods: municip...

Utilisation of Municipal Solid Waste is important to curb the ever rising demand of scarce land for its disposal. Changing life style patterns, particularly in urban areas, has led to increase in generation of MSW. Municipal solid waste from Indian cities estimated to have 40% 60% organic matter, which could be recycled as compost. The most suitable way to recycle it with low investment is aero...