Anaerobic digestion of source-separated municipal organic waste is considered feasible in Denmark. The limited hydraulic retention in the biogas reactor (typically 15 d) does not allow full degradation of the organic waste. Storage of anaerobically digested municipal organic waste can therefore be a source of methane (CH4) emission that may contribute significantly to the potential global warmi...

A waste Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tool, called Waste and Resources Assessment Tool for the Environment (WRATE) has been developed on the behalf of the Environment Agency for England and Wales, Scottish Environment Protection Agency and Department of Environment, Northern Ireland. This tool provides life cycle information to municipal authorities, central government and other stakeholders invo...

Waste disposal is one of the pressing problems.Millions of tons of municipal solid waste, hazardous/industrial wastes and agricultural wastes are handled daily throughout municipal areas. Each municipality confronts great challenges in disposing of its wastes in an efficient, cost effective and environmentally safe manner.Landfills in metropolitan areas are becoming full, and new ones are more ...

This paper presents an overview of current solid waste management practices in Kohima, Nagaland, India and suggests solutions to some of the major problems. The levels of socio-economic development determine the quantity and composition of solid waste. Higher the level of economic development, greater the proportion of waste composition. The total population of the city is 1,32,836, among those...

In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), millions of Muslims come to perform Pilgrimage every year. Around one million ton of municipal solid waste (MSW) is generated in Makkah city annually. The collected MSW is disposed of in the landfills without any treatment or energy recovery. As a result, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contamination of the soil and water bodies along with leachate and o...

In this study, to determine the biomass fraction to apply to the estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the waste incineration sector, municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and sewage sludge incineration facilities were selected and analyzed, and the biomass fractions found in these facilities were compared. The biomass fractions of Municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and sew...

identifying municipal solid waste (msw) disposal sites and appropriately managing them is a challenging task to many developing countries like bangladesh. it is a complex issue in an urban area, as increasing population levels, rapid economic growth and rise in community living standard, accelerates the generation rate of msw. the study area is zone-2 (mirpur-pallabi) of dhaka north city corpor...

The cooperative inter-municipal waste collection can be a real added value in terms of costs reduction and high performance services. The chapter proposes a Multi Agent Approach to support the inter-municipal infrastructure. The Multi Agent Systems (MAS) is an approach suitable to implement a distributed physically problem as the inter-municipal waste collection. The architecture of the approac...

Rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and economic growth in developing countries make management of municipal solid waste more complex comparing with developed countries. Furthermore, the conventional municipal solid waste management approach often is reductionists, not tailored to handle complexity. Therefore, the need to a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach r...

araucaria excelsa l. of araucariaceae family is a beautiful conifer which has a high economic importance in the flower industry. a factorial experiment based on randomized completely block design with two factors: 1. irrigation intervals in 2, 4 and 6 days (i1, i2 and i3) and 2. the growth bed in pots 3 l included m1 (100 % v/v cocopeat), m2 (100%  municipal waste compost), m3 (100 % vermicompo...