This paper assesses whether the linkages between R&D, human capital and productivity growth in a panel of EU manufacturing industries over the period 1980-2002 are affected by a critical level of human capital. To employ our data in an efficient manner, the study makes use of a dynamic threshold-based analysis, which determines endogenously the sample splitting procedure. The estimates indicate...

background and purpose: more than a third of the world’s population lack access to essential medicines, despite the presence of several international agreements that proclaim health as a human right. corruption, in its many forms, such as bribery and embezzlement, causes several detrimental effects on the health sector and access to medicines including economic, health, and government image and...

Time-varying volatility is common in macroeconomic data and has been incorporated into macroeconomic models in recent work. Dynamic panel data models have become increasingly popular in macroeconomics to study common relationships across countries or regions. This paper estimates dynamic panel data models with stochastic volatility by maximizing an approximate likelihood obtained via Rao-Blackw...

Background Over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. These two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. In this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) countries.   Methods We us...

A large body of the literature use aggregate data to investigate validity J-curve hypothesis. Recent studies, however, address importance disaggregated in order prevent from aggregation bias. In case Turkey where foreign trade volume is largely dominated by Eurozone countries, one set studies examines phenomenon using total while a second investigates bilateral within time-series framework. Thi...

We examine the effect of corruption control on volatility economic growth using cross-country data that cover 131 economies worldwide for period 1985–2018. To estimate model, we employ system generalized method-of-moments estimator dynamic panel data, which addresses potential endogeneity concerns internal instruments. Our results show significantly reduces volatility. This is robust to control...

This paper investigates the possible existence of dynamic causality between energy price, trade openness and economic growth using data thirty-six emerging economies over period 1980 to 2014. Panel unit root tests, panel cointegration, fully modified least squares (FMOLS) methods tests are used investigate this relationship. The FMOLS estimation reveals that higher international reserve, consum...