نتایج جستجو برای: synonymous

تعداد نتایج: 8033  

2017
Siyu Chen Ke Li Wenqing Cao Jia Wang Tong Zhao Qing Huan Yu-Fei Yang Shaohuan Wu Wenfeng Qian

Codon usage bias (CUB) refers to the observation that synonymous codons are not used equally frequently in a genome. CUB is stronger in more highly expressed genes, a phenomenon commonly explained by stronger natural selection on translational accuracy and/or efficiency among these genes. Nevertheless, this phenomenon could also occur if CUB regulates gene expression at the mRNA level, a hypoth...

Journal: :Genetics and molecular research : GMR 2013
X-X Ma Y-P Feng L Chen Y-Q Zhao J-L Liu J-Z Guo P-H Guo J-T Yang J-X Lu S-E Chen Z-R Ma

To analyze the synonymous codon usage patterns of sequence regions flanking cleavage sites in the hepatitis A virus (HAV) polyprotein, the codon usage bias at codon positions and the synonymous codon usage in the target contexts of 30 virus strains were estimated by two simple methods that were based on the values for relative synonymous codon usage. In addition, the pattern of synonymous codon...

Journal: :ادب عربی 0
امیرمحمود کاشفی استادیار دانشگاه تهران آیت الله زرمحمدی دانش آموخته دکتری در رشته زبان و ادبیات عربی

most of the linguists and grammarians accepted the synonymy. the cause that made us deal with it again is achievement new accomplishments. beyond doubt, results that we harvested are important to understand the quran and hadiths. in this paper we want through discussion synonyms that sheikh alisaghir and the others referred to those show the points of difference and agreement.

Journal: :Genetics 1995
A Eyre-Walker M Bulmer

It has been shown previously that the synonymous substitution rate between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium is lower in highly than in weakly expressed genes, and it has been suggested that this is due to stronger selection for translational efficiency in highly expressed genes as reflected in their greater codon usage bias. This hypothesis is tested here by comparing the substitutio...

2015
N. F. Nabila Nurlida Basir A. Mamat

Construction of ontology is a difficult task, expensive and time-consuming. Concept, taxonomy and nontaxonomic relations, are the three important components in the development of ontology. These three components are used to represent the whole domain texts. Currently, most of studies focused on extracting the concept, the taxonomic relationships and the non-taxonomic relationships within the sc...

Journal: :Current issues in molecular biology 2001
M D Ermolaeva

In most bacteria, synonymous codons are not used with equal frequencies. Different factors have been proposed to contribute to codon usage preference, including translational selection, GC composition, strand-specific mutational bias, amino acid conservation, protein hydropathy, transcriptional selection and even RNA stability. The review discusses these factors and their contribution to bias i...

Journal: :Multiple Sclerosis International 2012

2017
Zuyi Chen Yaling Jing Qiang Wen Xianping Ding Tao Wang Xuemei Mu Yuwei Chenzhang Man Cao

Cancer of the cervix is associated with infection by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The gene variants differ in immune responses and oncogenic potential. The E6 and E7 proteins encoded by high-risk HPV play a key role in cellular transformation. HPV-33 and HPV-58 types are highly prevalent among Chinese women. To study the gene intratypic variations, polymorphisms and positive sel...

Journal: :Biology letters 2015
Mario Dos Reis

First principles of population genetics are used to obtain formulae relating the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rate ratio to the selection coefficients acting at codon sites in protein-coding genes. Two theoretical cases are discussed and two examples from real data (a chloroplast gene and a virus polymerase) are given. The formulae give much insight into the dynamics of non-synonym...

Journal: :Philosophy East and West 1983

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