In a market economy, entrepreneurs are businessmen who start a new business or expand an existing business by integrating production factors. In an emerging market economy, where market institutions are being established, in order to start or expand a successful business, a businessman not only has to possess the same ability as their counterpart in a market economy, he also has to overcome man...

Why Are the Returns to Education Higher for Entrepreneurs than for Employees? We compare the returns to education (RTE) for entrepreneurs and employees, based on 19 waves of the NLSY database. By using instrumental variable techniques (IV) and taking account of selectivity, we find that the RTE are significantly higher for entrepreneurs than for employees (18.3 percent and 9.9 percent, respecti...

Austrian business cycle theory has been criticized on the basis of “rational expectations.” That is, reasonably high quality entrepreneurs—which are required for economic growth—should be able to foresee the business cycle and thereby avoid making malinvestments. As noted by Evans and Baxendale (2008), this argument ignores the fact that entrepreneurs are heterogeneous in quality. American hous...

This paper frames the main components required to setup Product Co-Creation Centers (PC 3) within (rural or urban) BoP environments as a method to (1) identify creative and entrepreneur individuals; (2) aid the process of generating new ideas; (3) support the co-creation of products and services as well as their related business models for BoP needs, and (4) carry out market and social impact a...

Social entrepreneurship is trendy! It offers all the challenges and rewards of traditional entrepreneurship, combined with the vision of changing society, if not the world. One social entrepreneur has just received the “Alternative Nobel Prize”; in 2004 Jeff Skoll, the founder of e-Bay, donated 4.4 million pounds to establish a research center on social entrepreneurship; and many social entrepr...

Rural Development is a priority in Europe and it is supported by specific, financial programmes. At the same time, sustainability is the key word for the European Union to construct programmes and policies for all human activities. However, measuring sustainability of rural areas is not easy, due to their particular features. The improvement of knowledge on sustainability in rural areas is impo...

This article discussion about the facts that influence the success of women entrepreneurs in china. We do a survey of women entrepreneurs who have their own business in Beijing. This research used quantitative research methodology. We through IBM SPSS Statistics 20 to test the validity of questionnaire. From the results, we get that human capital, women characteristics, and motivation has a sig...

— The Economics of Happiness is one of the research areas of greatest growth in recent years. Throughout this work, a venture based model in which satisfaction of Spanish entrepreneurs with their professional life is performed. We analyze the responses of 9,989 entrepreneurs using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), and six hypothesis are discussed. The results show that, for t...

Previous research, notably Baumol (1990), has highlighted the role of institutions in channeling entrepreneurial supply into productive, unproductive or destructive activities. However, entrepreneurship is not only influenced by institutions— entrepreneurs often help shape institutions themselves. The bilateral causal relation between entrepreneurs and institutions is examined in this paper. En...

This paper reports the findings of an exploratory empirical study that aims to primarily examine the instrumental role of relationship competency among SME entrepreneurs by utilising a comparative data from Australia and Malaysia. A sample of 20 SME entrepreneurs from Australia and Malaysia participated in this study. A series of interviews were conducted to probe into the behaviours that delin...