BACKGROUND During a commercial surrogacy arrangement, the event of embryo transfer can be seen as the formal starting point of the arrangement. However, it is common for surrogates to undergo a failed attempt at pregnancy conception or missed conception after an embryo transfer. This paper attempts to argue that such failed attempts can be understood as a loss. It aims to reconstruct the experi...

The issues facing surrogates are labour issues. However, there is scanty literature on the working conditions of in sub-Saharan Africa. This article explores these unprotected and invisible reproductive workers Ghana. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants between 2018 2019. study revealed following: 1) Baby agents increasingly playing a dominant role surrogacy industry, through...

Objective One of the most controversial issues related to human embryo is to determine the moment when the embryo is considered as a human being and acquires a moral status. Although personhood and moral status are frequently touched upon in medical ethics, they are considered interdisciplinary as concepts shaping the debate in Medical Law (Fiqh) since their consequences are influential in the ...

Surrogacy, as we know it today, has only been around for the last 30 years. At same time Dasharatham is a 1989 Malayalam Indian dramatic film written by A. K. Lohithadas and directed Sibi Malayil. Its movie born before time. Anni central character who surrogate mother. We analysis emotional suffering of mother based on “Dasharatham” . The study conducted Tehran, Tashi, Mehran, Eskandari, & ...

Every married couple definitely wants to have offspring but not allcouples are blessed with children in a normal way. There some couples who choose use the test tube baby technique or IVF, which is fertilization outside womb. Meanwhile, there also mothers unable conceive for due uterus problem. Finally, development of science and technology, concept surrogacy was introduced by mixing husband's ...

This article examines the content and scope of European Court Human Rights’s first advisory opinion as regards practice cross-border surrogacy in Europe. While concerns recognition legal parentage an intended mother, this considers whether reasoning could be applied to male couples who avail surrogacy. It is argued that non-genetically related father couple a directly comparable position mother...