The interfacial tension of surfactant solutions is decreased with increasing surfactant concentration to obtain the critical micelle concentration (CMC). After that, the CMC values does not alter much. So this concentration is a critical point during surfactant flooding that is one of the chemical EOR techniques. The reduction of the CMC value is taken into consideration, since the surfactant f...

Pulmonary surfactant is a complex and highly surface active material composed of lipids and proteins which is found in the fluid lining the alveolar surface of the lungs. Surfactant prevents alveolar collapse at low lung volume, and preserves bronchiolar patency during normal and forced respiration (biophysical functions). In addition, it is involved in the protection of the lungs from injuries...

In ASP (Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer) flooding processes, surfactants help to enhance oil recovery by lowering the interfacial tension between the oil and water. However, due to the high cost of surfactants and the stability of the emulsion that varies with surfactant concentration, it is necessary to optimize the surfactant concentration in ASP flooding. In this study, we combined numerical simul...

In children with malignancies and immunosuppression, significant morbidity and mortality result from respiratory complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether or not this is associated with altered surfactant components or functions. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 24 children with malignancies, immunosuppression, pulmonary infiltrates and fever unresponsive to empiri...

Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) isolated from cow surfactant was added to organic solvent extracts of natural bovine surfactant or of Survanta (Abbott Laboratories), and dynamic compliances and pressure-volume curves were measured in rabbits with a gestational age of 27 days. Organic solvent extracts of natural surfactant and Survanta significantly improved dynamic compliances and lung volumes comp...

Based on the {S+, I-} pathway, the concentration of surfactant and surface charge density of silanolate groups control the phase transition from lamellar, to hexagonal through cubic form. The high surface charge density of silanolate groups was observed for the lamellar phase. With decrease of molar concentration of surfactant on the gel, the yield of...

Textile wetting involves the displacement of air by surfactant solutions in the fiber matrix. The kinetics of surfactant adsorption is more important than the equilibrium properties of surfactant solutions for the textile wetting process because equilibrium conditions are rarely attained during the time allowed for wetting in textile processing.' Fowkes observed that the log of the wetting time...

Pneumonia is an important cause of respiratory failure, and is associated with increased alveolar permeability leading to pulmonary oedema, haemorrhage and atelectasis [1, 2]. The pathophysiological changes in pneumonia include hypoxaemia, decreased functional residual capacity (fRC), decreased total lung capacity (TLC), decreased lung compliance, and a diminished surfactant system [3-5]. As ea...

Surfactant-replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder characterized by surfactant deficiency. Repletion with exogenous surfactant decreases mortality and thoracic air leaks and is a standard practice in the developed world. In addition to respiratory distress syndrome, other neonatal respiratory disorders are characterized b...

Surfactant-based oil recovery processes are employed to lower the interfacial tension in immiscible displacement processes, change wettability of rock a more water-wet system and emulsify displace it subsurface porous media. Furthermore, these phenomena can reduce capillary pressure enhance spontaneous imbibition. The key factors affecting such process temperature, salinity pH fluids, surfactan...