we use high-resolution electrical resistivity imaging to delineate the geometry of the landslide and discontinuity surface between slide mass and bedrock in roudbar region, ghazvin-rasht-anzali railway (the tunnel no. 2 at km. 108+825). the roudbar region characterized by high geological hazard and shows a complete panorama of mass movements. in this area, different landslide types predisposed ...

The mechanics of complex bodies with memory effects is discussed in linearized setting. The attention is focused on the characterization of free energies in terms of minimum work and maximum recoverable work in the bulk and along a discontinuity surface endowed with its own surface energy, a surface internal to the body. To this aim, use is made of techniques proposed by Del Piero. Consequences...

We have measured the isothermal equation of state (EOS) of osmium to 75 GPa under hydrostatic conditions at room temperature using angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction. A least-squares fit of this data using a third-order Birch-Murnaghan EOS yields an isothermal bulk modulus K0=411+/-6 GPa, showing osmium is more compressible than diamond. Most importantly, we have documented an anomaly in the co...

the central alborz mountains of northern iran (figure 1) is a zone of intense active continental deformation and is the most heavily populated region of iran, including the mega-city of tehran with a population of over 10 million. the region is affected by numerous active faults, some of them having great seismic potential, and documented historical seismicity. hence, the central alborz is a pr...

A double discontinuity is a compound structure composed of a slow shock layer and an adjoining rotational discontinuity layer on the postshock side. We use highresolution data from Geotail and Wind spacecraft to examine the interior structure within the finite thickness of the discontinuity at the plasma sheet-lobe boundary and found that recognizable MHD structures at the boundary can be stand...

The motion of vortex sheets with surface tension has been analyzed in the setting of irrotational flows by Ambrose [1] and Ambrose & Masmoudi [2] in 2D, and by Ambrose & Masmoudi [3] in 3D. With irrotationality, the nonlinear Euler equations reduce to Poisson’s equation for the pressure function in the bulk, and the motion of the vortex sheet is decoupled from that of the fluid, thus allowing b...

Based on the analytical solution of Crouch to the problem of a constant discontinuity in displacement over a finite line segment in an infinite elastic solid, in the present paper, the crack-tip displacement discontinuity elements, which can be classified as the left and the right crack-tip elements, are presented to model the singularity of stress near a crack tip. Furthermore, the crack-tip e...