OBJECTIVE The goal of the present retrospective study is to describe the distribution of the supernumerary teeth in a population of patients that have been attended at the Public Clinic of the Department of Oral Surgery. BACKGROUND Supernumerary teeth and multiple hyperdontia are usually associated with different syndromes, such as Gardner syndrome, or with facial fissures; however, they can ...

This study aimed at characterizing the Sonic hedgehog (shh) gene in newt limbs, which encodes a signaling molecule of the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) responsible for determining the anterior-posterior axis of the embryonic chicken and mouse limbs. The reverse transcription-PCR showed that adult newt regenerating limbs express shh genes. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that ...

supernumerary teeth are defined as the teeth developed in excess of the number found in a normal dentition. supernumerary canine is an extremely rare finding particularly in the mandible. this case report presents a 25-year-old female patient with the unique feature of bilateral mandibular supplemental supernumerary canines. the patient was non-syndromic without any other supernumerary teeth.

Supernumerary phantom limb (SPL) resulting from spinal cord lesions are very rare, with only sporadic and brief descriptions in the literature. Furthermore, the reported cases of SPL typically occurred in neurologically incomplete spinal cord patients. Here, we report a rare case of SPL with phantom limb pain that occurred after traumatic spinal cord injury in a neurologically complete patient....

Supernumerary teeth are teeth that are present in addition to normal teeth. Although several hypotheses and some molecular signalling pathways explain the formation of supernumerary teeth, but their exact disease pathogenesis is unknown. To study the molecular mechanisms of supernumerary tooth-related syndrome (Gardner syndrome), a deeper understanding of the aetiology of supernumerary teeth an...

Supernumerary teeth are among the most common dental anomalies affecting the primary and permanent dentition. They are usually found in the anterior maxilla and occur infrequently in the primary dentition. The purpose of this paper was to report a case diagnosed with primary supernumerary tooth in the primary second molar region. The crown and root shape of the primary supernumerary tooth resem...

The state of determination of the anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral and proximal-distal axes of the undifferentiated limb regeneration blastema was evaluated by heterografting and autografting experiments in which these axes were reversed with respect to the limb stump. Species-specific size differences in skeletal elements were used as markers to trace the origin of regenerate tissues in the ...

A dominant mutation in the mouse, Hemimelia-extra toe (Hmx), induces congenital limb malformations in heterozygotes. Typical expression includes axial shortening of the radius, tibia and talus ('hemimelia'), with supernumerary metacarpals, metatarsals, and digits ('polydactyly'). Pathogenesis was investigated during developmental stages 16 through 22 (11th through 15th days of gestation). Full ...