colliculus in active visual fixation and execution of express saccades. J Neurophysiol 67:1000–1002 6. Krauzlis RJ, Basso MA, Wurtz RH (1997) Shared motor error for multiple eye movements. Science 276:1693–1695 7. Keller EL, Gandhi NJ, Vijay Sekaran S (2000) Activity in deep intermediate layer collicular neurons during interrupted saccades. Exp Brain Res 130:227–237 8. Lefevre P, Quaia C, Optic...

Background A unipolar defibrillation system using a single right ventricular (RV) electrode and the active shell or "CAN" of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator itself situated in a left infraclavicular pocket has been shown to be as efficient in defibrillation as an epicardial lead system. The purpose of this study was to determine whether defibrillation efficacy can be improved further...

BACKGROUND An obstruction of the distal part of the duodenum can occur because of the superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) after a surgical correction of scoliosis. It is essential to evaluate the risk factors and diagnose the SMAS in time because complications of this condition are life-threatening and it is associated with a high rate of morbidity. Diagnostics of the SMAS is challenging...

DESCRIPTION A 61-year-old man presented with a 2-day history of epigastralgia and back pain without nausea, vomiting, haematemesis or melena. He reported that he had untreated hypertension. On examination, his upper extremity blood pressures were 180/100 (right arm) and 177/98 mm Hg (left arm). His abdomen was soft and flat, but showed epigastric tenderness without rebound tenderness or muscle ...

Superior vena cava syndrome is a common complication of malignancy. The epidemiology, presentation, and diagnostic evaluation of patients presenting with the syndrome are reviewed. Management options including chemotherapy and radiation therapy and the role of endovascular stents are discussed along with the evidence for each of the therapeutic options.

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is characterized by gradual, insidious compression or obstruction of the superior vena cava (SVC). The most common etiology of SVCS is related to malignancy such as bronchogenic CA and lymphoma. Other cases have a variety of causes such as chronic infections and chronic inflammations that involve the mediastinum. Spontaneous SVC thrombosis is also known to occ...

With increased recognition in the media, heightened prevalence, and advances in research technologies, investigation into the causes of autism has broadened in recent years. Studies at the molecular, structural, and behavioral levels have resulted in significant findings, linking autism to qualitative differences in neurological function and an alteration of early development. Familial aggregat...

Venous aneurysms arising from the mediastinal systemic veins are rare. There are only 27 reported cases of such aneurysms. Majority arise from the superior vena cava. We are reporting a saccular aneurysm of superior vena cava in a 58-year-old male. The chest radiogram suggested superior mediastinal mass and the computed tomogram was suggestive of aortic arch aneurysm. Aortography and venography...