Narrow band imaging in the G-band is commonly used to trace the small magnetic field concentrations of the Sun, although the mechanism that makes them bright has remained unclear. We carry out LTE syntheses of the G-band in an assorted set of semi-empirical model magnetic concentrations. The syntheses include all CH lines as well as the main atomic lines within the band-pass. The model atmosphe...

To improve the performance of electric machinery, it is necessary to obtain the optimal topology of a structure in magnetic "elds. The homogenization design method is applied to obtain the optimal topology. In the method, the change of inner hole size and rotational angle of unit cell determines the optimal material distribution in a design domain and this distribution de"nes an optimal topolog...

We consider a two-dimensional electron with an anomalous magnetic moment, g > 2, interacting with a nonzero magnetic eld B perpendicular to the plane which gives rise to a ux F. Recent results about the discrete spectrum of the Pauli operator are extended to elds with the O(r ?2?) decay at innnity: we show that if jFj exceeds an integer N, there is at least N +1 bound states. Furthermore, we pr...

It has been conjectured that the eruption of a solar prominence can be inhibited if a much larger scale, arched magnetic field straddles the prominence and effectively straps it down. We have demonstrated this effect in a laboratory experiment where a vacuum strapping field acts on a scaled simulation of a solar prominence. The required magnitude of the strapping field is in good agreement with...

Charge density waves are thought to be common in two-dimensional electron systems in quantizing magnetic ,elds. Such phases are formed by the quasiparticles of the topmost occupied Landau level when it is partially ,lled. One class of charge density wave phases can be described as electron solids. In weak magnetic ,elds (at high Landau levels) solids with many particles per unit cell—bubble pha...

The Hanle depolarization signals of Sr  λ4607 Å have been used to estimate the unsigned magnetic flux and magnetic energy existing in the quiet Sun photosphere. However, the Sr  λ4607 Å Hanle signals are not sensitive to the unsigned flux and energy. They only bear information on the fraction of photosphere occupied by magnetic field strengths smaller than the Hanle saturation, which do not c...

In 1865, James Clerk Maxwell proposed four equations governing the dynamics of electric fi elds, magnetic fi elds and electric charges, which are now known as Maxwell’s equations1. Th ey show that magnetic interactions and motion of electric charges, which were initially thought to be two independent phenomena, are intrinsically coupled to each other. In the covariant relativistic form, they re...

We study the energy levels of a single particle in a homogeneous magnetic eld and in an axially symmetric external potential. For potentials that are superharmonic oo the central axis, we nd a general \pseudocon-cave" ordering of the ground state energies of the Hamiltonian restricted to the sectors with xed angular momentum. The physical applications include atoms and ions in strong magnetic e...