This study addresses the feasibility of removing Cu and Ni from sludges of printed circuit board (PCB) plants by acidic extraction. Citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid at various concentrations were experimentally examined to determine preferred conditions for removing Cu and Ni. Experimental results indicate that the removal ratios of Cu were 57% (citric...

The extraction of technetium species at oxidation state lower than +7 has been examined in sulfuric and sulfuric/nitric acid solutions using UV-Vis spectroscopy and optically transparent thin layer cell (RVC-OTTLE). Soluble Tc(III), TcO2+ and [Tc2O2]3+ species with absorption bands at 420-450, 400, and 502 nm, respectively, were detected as products of pertechnetates electroreduction. The distr...

1.1 Manufacturing processes Major industries with exposure to strong inorganic acid mists include those that manufacture phosphate fertilizer, isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol), synthetic ethanol (ethyl alcohol), sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and lead batteries. Exposure also occurs during copper smelting, and pickling and other acid treatment of metals (Suresh, 2009). Minor uses of sulfuric acid i...

This work includes synthesis a series of some new derivatives triazine from reaction between the sulfur amino acid (L-cysteine) and different aldehydes in dry ethanol to obtain thiazolidine ring as diastereo isomers (Cis Trans)- 2- alkylthiazolidine-4- carboxylic acids (1).
 The (1) suffered esterfication presence drops concentrated sulfuric catalyst give esters :
 ethyl alkylthiazoli...

introduction: sugarcane (saccharum officinarum) is widely cultivated in south west of iran for production of sugar. after harvest, a lot of sugarcane tops remain on the farm that can be used to feed ruminants. the total digestible nutrients (tdn) and crude fiber of sugarcane top is about 72% and 39%, respectively. the digestibility of dry matter (54%) and crude protein (39%) of sugarcane top is...

Retinoic acid (vitamin A acid) (I) has long been recognized as one of the most interesting members of the retinoid family (1). A quantitation method of I was proposed by KAWASAKI et al. who estimated an absorptivity of coloration developed by 74% sulfuric acid (2). The color was found to be stable in sulfuric acid, persisting for several hours at room temperature, so they used the method for as...

The commercially available 6-methoxy-1-tetralone 1 was converted [15] into the olefin 2 in 94% yield by heating under reflux with 2,4-pentanediol and a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulphonic acid (p-TsOH) who’s spectroscopic properties perfectly agree with structure assigned. The olefin 2 was also previously synthesized by different routes [14,16] but the yield was not high compared with the pr...

Sulfuric acid, amines and oxidized organics have been found to be important compounds in the nucleation and initial growth of atmospheric particles. Because of the challenges involved in determining the chemical composition of objects with very small mass, however, the properties of the freshly nucleated particles and the detailed pathways of their formation processes are still not clear. In th...