Although its role in mammalian physiology is currently underappreciated, sulfate is an obli‐ gate nutrient for numerous cellular and metabolic processes in human growth and develop‐ ment [1].The diet provides approximately one third of sulfate requirements in adults [2], although sulfate intake can vary greatly (1.5-16mmol/day) and is dependent on the source of drinking water (negligible to >50...

Novel magnetic carbon microtube-based solid acid was synthesized via the carbonization of FeCl3-doped willow catkin and benzenediazoniumsulfonate acid-based sulfonation. The biomass provided special microtube structure high surface area 215 m2/g for novel acid. well conserved during mild (400 °C) sulfonation process. large number acidic sites (2.3 mmol/g) on quite accessible to reactants. Its p...

Hydrophobic mesoporous polymer nanofibre networks were converted to hydrophilic ones by a mild sulfonation reaction. The resultant mesoporous polystyrene with a large free surface area effectively captured water-soluble dye molecules and allowed aromatic compounds to rapidly permeate into the internal binding sites.

The hydrolysis of cellulose over sulfonated carbons was promoted greatly by elevating the sulfonation temperature. With 250 degrees C-sulfonated CMK-3 as a catalyst, the cellulose was selectively hydrolyzed into glucose with the glucose yield as high as 74.5%, which is the highest level reported so far on solid acid catalysts.

Xenobiotics continue to be found that are metabolized in mammals to electrophilic reactants that form covalently bound adducts to cellular DNA leading to tumor formation. This discussion will be limited to the following two topics: sulfonation in chemical carcinogenesis and endogenous etheno adducts in DNA.

An ABA type amphiphilic triblock copolymer was synthesized via ATRP and sulfonation. New self-assembled morphologies such as toroidal vesicles, giant tubular vesicles, and perforated spherical vesicles were observed from triblock copolymer-polyaniline complexes in water. The mechanism of morphology transformation at different compositions was discussed.