The enhancement of CO2 fixation in isolated, intact spinach chloroplasts by ascorbate or by low sulfite concentrations (less than 1 mM) is strongly reduced or even abolished by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD). By the use of 35SO3(2-) it is demonstrated that the rate of sulfate formation is much lower than the sulfite induced increase in CO2 fixation. This indicates that the superoxid...

antioxidants are vital substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damage caused by free radical induced oxidative stress. a variety of free radical scavenging antioxidants exist within the body which many of them are derived from dietary sources like fruits, vegetables and teas. in this study the antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity of methanolic extracts of s...

BACKGROUND Acid electrolyzed water (AEW), which is produced through the electrolysis of dilute sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride solution, is used as a disinfectant in various fields because of its potent antimicrobial activity. The hydroxyl radical, an oxygen radical species, is often suggested as a putative active ingredient for AEW antimicrobial activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL F...

The kinetics of the oxidation of imipramine and desipramine using cerium(IV) complexes were studied in the presence of a large excess of azepine derivative (TCA) in acidic sulfate media using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The reaction proceeds via dibenzoazepine radical formation, identified by EPR measurements. The kinetics of the first degradation step were studied independently of the further slower ...

Halide ions are ubiquitous in natural waters and wastewaters. Halogens play an important and complex role in environmental photochemical processes and in reactions taking place during photochemical water treatment. While inert to solar wavelengths, halides can be converted into radical and non-radical reactive halogen species (RHS) by sensitized photolysis and by reactions with secondary reacti...

The chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum ilicifolium and S.angustifolium were investigated. The results showed that these seaweeds were characterized by an acceptable level of minerals and proteins. The fatty acid profile was dominated by the palmitic acid, which represents about 37.44±0.01% and 23.05±0.01% of the total fatty acids...

alkali and alkaline earth metals hydrogen sulfate catalyzed the one-pot three component condensation reactions of aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and urea or thiourea under solvent-free conditions leading to 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1h)-ones in high yields at 80 °c. our results showed that biginelli reaction not only is ph dependent, but the cation of catalyst plays an important role.

The chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum ilicifolium and S.angustifolium were investigated. The results showed that these seaweeds were characterized by an acceptable level of minerals and proteins. The fatty acid profile was dominated by the palmitic acid, which represents about 37.44±0.01% and 23.05±0.01% of the...

Enzyme-assisted extraction optimization, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from sea cucumber Phyllophorus proteus (PPP) were investigated in the present study. The optimal extraction conditions with a yield of 6.44 ± 0.06% for PPP were determined as follows: Extraction time of 2.89 h, ratio of extraction solvent to raw material of 16.26 mL/g, extraction pH of...

Stable isotope fractionation was studied during the degradation of m-xylene, o-xylene, m-cresol, and p-cresol with two pure cultures of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Degradation of all four compounds is initiated by a fumarate addition reaction by a glycyl radical enzyme, analogous to the well-studied benzylsuccinate synthase reaction in toluene degradation. The extent of stable carbon isotope fra...