This paper reports on research conducted with Muslim Institute of Hadrat Sultan Bahoo order in Pakistan. Using a qualitative approach and Manuel Castells' theory the network society, findings illustrate that respondents recognize role digital media to increase outreach Sufi messages. The leaders institute realize evils era suggest spiritual solutions. However, although use modern mode communica...

A parameter estimation procedure, sequential uncertainty domain parameter fitting (SUFI), is presented and has the following characteristics. The procedure is sequential in nature, meaning that one more iteration can always be made before choosing the final estimates. The procedure has a Bayesian framework, indicating that the method operates within uncertainty domains (prior, posterior) associ...

For four hundred years, the zikir ritual has been performed weekly in Kadirîhâne Istanbul. Sufi rituals are believed to have compiled by founder (pîr) of order. The conductor (şeyh, postnişin) symbolizes founder. form consists chanting (dhikr) several divine names (esmâ). While participants perform with drone-like melodic repetitions or guttural rhythmic ostinatos, musicians songs, recitations,...

Sufism greatly influenced the ethical beliefs and values of al-Ghazali. Had it not been for that influence, his works would have lacked their special spiritual value. In this paper, I will examine the role that Sufi philosophy played in giving spiritual depth to the ethics of al-Ghazali and how he was ultimately drawn to Sufism. Al-Ghazali moved away from his focus on the law and realized the v...

Historically, the Indian society has been and is still beset with hierarchical social divisions based on birth-ascribed ranks. Despite strict egalitarian principles of Islam, there existed racial and ethnic discrimination among the Muslims in South Asia, who were primarily divided into two social strata: the ashrāf (the so-called high-born) and the ajlāf (the so-called low-born). However, in th...

Uniting Allah swt is one of the obligatory foundations in Islam. Therefore, Islamic scholars flocked to look for a valid concept oneness when faced with plurality things that can be sensed by humans, it sun, moon, mountains, trees, animals, humans themselves. As colors Islam, Sufism was also present develop monotheism. Which filled debates between pros and cons this day. His understanding looks...