Introduction: Psychiatric side effects of deep brain stimulation are not uncommon. It is often limited to transient mood alterations. We report for the first time a case of acute stimulationdependent fear during intraoperative test stimulation. Case presentation: During test stimulation for electrode placement to the left subthalamic nucleus, a 58-year-old caucasian man with Parkinson’s disease...

Hanajima, Ritsuko, Peter Ashby, Andres M. Lozano, Anthony E. Lang, and Robert Chen. Single pulse stimulation of the human subthalamic nucleus facilitates the motor cortex at short intervals. J Neurophysiol 92: 1937–1943, 2004. First published May 19, 2004; 10.1152/jn.00239.2004. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD)....

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) of the basal ganglia is an important element of motor control. This is demonstrated by involuntary movements induced by STN lesions and the successful treatment of Parkinson's disease by STN stimulation. However, it is still unclear how individual STN neurons participate in motor control. Here, we report that the STN has a function in switching from automatic to vo...

During deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment of Parkinson disease, the target of the surgery is the subthalamic nucleus (STN ). This anatomical structure is small (9 × 7 × 4 mm) and poorly visible using Computer Tomography (CT ) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. Because of that, a multi-electrode micro recording system is used intra surgically for better localization of the target nuc...

Pathological synchronisation of beta frequency (12-35Hz) oscillations between the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and cerebral cortex is thought to contribute to motor impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). For this cortico-subthalamic oscillatory drive to be mechanistically important, it must influence the firing of STN neurons and, consequently, their downstream targets. Here, we examined the dyna...

OBJECTIVE Apathy may be induced by subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson disease (PD). We therefore wished to test the hypothesis that apathy induced by STN-DBS correlates with changes in glucose metabolism, using (18)FDG-PET. METHODS Twelve patients with PD were assessed 3 months before (M-3) and 3 months after (M+3) STN-DBS with (18)FDG-PET and the Apathy Evaluat...

Electrodes are surgically implanted into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of Parkinson's disease patients to provide deep brain stimulation. For ensuring correct positioning, the anatomic location of the STN must be determined preoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging has been used for pinpointing the location of the STN. To identify the optimal imaging sequence for identifying the STN, we compar...

PURPOSE Adequate velopharyngeal control is essential for speech, but may be impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) improves limb function in PD, but the effects on velopharyngeal control remain unknown. We tested whether STN DBS would change aerodynamic measures of velopharyngeal control, and whether these changes were correlated wit...

Introduction. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been linked to a decline in verbal fluency. The decline can be attributed to surgical effects, but the relative contributions of the stimulation parameters are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the frequency of STN-DBS on the performance of verbal fluency ta...

Growing evidence shows that dysfunction of the limbic basal ganglia (BG) network is implicated in repetitive behaviors, such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette's syndrome (TS), in humans. Because deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the posterior subthalamic nucleus (STN), which modulates the sensorimotor BG network, is beneficial in movement disorders, stimulation of the anterior, ...