It is known that the governing equations for the evolution of the envelope of weakly nonlinear capillary-gravity wave packets, the so-called Davey-Stewartson equation, admit dromion solutions in the limit of shallow water and strong surface tension, i.e., when kh≪1 and the Bond number (Bo) ≡T/ρgh^{2}>1/3 (where T is the surface tension coefficient and h the water depth). Here we show that capil...

Rice straw was separated into four parts: the upper, middle, and lower parts of the stem, and the leaf. They were treated with subcritical water at 140 to 260 °C. The yield, carbohydrate, protein, and phenolic contents were obtained as well as the UV-Vis absorption spectra and the radical scavenging activity of the extracts. The extracts obtained from the stem parts had almost the same characte...

Biodiesel has become an attractive fuel recently, because it is renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, etc. With the increase in the production of biodiesel, the problem of disposing crude glycerol, which is produced as main by-product from biodiesel process such as transesterification, has been raised. Therefore, we have been developing a new green technology-Hydrotherm...

The degradation of branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) in subcritical water was measured from 290 degrees C to 330 degrees C. The degradation process at any temperature obeyed first-order kinetics. The energy of activation for the degradation of each amino acid could be estimated according to the Arrhenius equation. The pH value of the reaction mixture increased during ...

Due to the transcritical nature, some of the test methods used in the conventional subcritical refrigeration cycle, such as the liquid refrigerant flow metering method and the water-cooled condenser metering method, are no longer appropriate for evaluating the transcritical carbon dioxide (CO2) compressor performances. This paper introduces a performance test facility taken into account both th...

One way to utilize biomass is to thermochemically convert it into gases and chemicals. For conversion of biomass, glucose is a particularly popular model compound for cellulose, or more generally for biomass. The present study takes a different approach by employing lactic acid as the model compound for cellulose. Since lactic acid and glucose have identical elemental composition, they are expe...

The fusion-fission hybrid system has the potential attractiveness of good safety performances and plenty of fuel compared to the fission reactor system and also easing the requirement of fusion plasma technology. It is a practical path to the early fusion application for energy production. In this paper, a fusion-driven subcritical reactor for energy multiplier, named FDS-EM, is proposed. It ca...

The focus of this contribution is a comparative investigation of enantioseparations of 19 Nα-Fmoc proteinogenic amino acids on Quinine-based zwitterionic and anion-exchanger type chiral stationary phases employing hydro-organic and polar-ionic liquid and subcritical fluid chromatographic conditions. Effects of mobile phase composition (including additives, e.g., water, basis and acids) and natu...